政府再造视野下的我国政府绩效管理研究

摘　要

政府与市场是人类社会的两种最基本的组织形式，也是推动、控制和影响社会发展的两股强大的力量。各国的实践表明，一个民主、灵活、高效和廉洁的政府，对于一个国家或地区社会经济发展的作用是至关重要的。20世纪80年代，为迎接全球化、信息化和知识经济时代的来临以及摆脱财政困境、提高国际竞争力和政府效率，西方各国相继掀起了政府改革或政府再造的热潮。这场改革以采用工商管理的理论、方法及技术，引入市场竞争机制，强调顾客导向以及提高服务质量为特征。
我国目前正处于由计划经济体制向市场经济体制的转轨时期，市场经济的发展特别是加入WTO的实现，要求转变政府职能，建立起一个灵活、高效、廉洁的政府，形成新的管理模式。1998年开始的全国机构改革取得了明显的成效，政府职能有了较大转变，政府办事效率有很大的提高。但是，不可否认的是，同社会主义市场经济体制的要求相比，政府的行政管理体制仍存在许多亟待解决的问题：政府管制仍然较多，市场机制作用没有得到充分发挥；政府对经济领域的干预仍然较多，政府职能“越位”、“错位”、“缺位”现象仍然存在；地方或部门利益观念强，公共意识和公共责任感不强等等。为了解决上述问题，我们必须借助绩效管理工具，从政府绩效管理的环境、技术、体系以及公民参与等四个方面深化行政改革，以达到规范政府行为，提高政府行政效率的目的。

关键词：政府再造；政府绩效管理；公民参与
 

Abstract

 Government and the market is both the most basic of human social organization, but also to promote, control and influence the development of two powerful social forces. The practice of States shows that a democratic, flexible, efficient and clean government, for a country or region the role of social and economic development is essential.80 years of the 20th century, in order to meet globalization, information technology and knowledge economy era, and out of financial difficulties, improve international competitiveness and government efficiency, the Government of Western countries have set off a wave of reform or reinventing government. This reform to adopt business management theories, methods and techniques, the introduction of market competition, emphasizing customer orientation and improve service quality characteristics.
China is currently in the planned economy to market economy transition period, the market economy development，especially the implementation of WTO accession, requiring the transformation of government functions，build a flexible, efficient and clean government, the formation of a new management model. 1998 reform of national institutions have achieved remarkable results, changes in government functions have been greatly, the government has greatly improved efficiency. However, it is undeniable that, compared the socialist market economic system, the government's administrative management system there are still many problems to be solved: government regulation is still more, the market mechanism has not been fully; government in the economic field Intervention is still more government functions “Offside”, “dislocation”, “absence” still exists; strong sense of local or sectoral interests, public awareness and public responsibility is not strong and so on. In order to solve the above problems, we must have the aid of performance management tools, from government performance management environment, technology, system and the citizen participation and so on four aspects achieve the administrative reform deepening, in order to regulating the government behavior and improve the government administrative efficiency purpose.

Key Words: Government Reengineering，Government Performance Management，Citizen Participation

*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】