河南省农村义务教育研究

摘　要
河南省经济发展在全国尚处于比较低的水平，城乡发展不平衡严重，城乡人均受教育程度差别较大，农村人口占全省总人口的65％，农民平均受教育年限不足7年。受教育水平低下，也制约了全省农村经济和社会的进一步发展。
河南省城乡义务教育发展极不平衡，农村义务教育长期落后，在将要到来的十二五规划，无论对个人的发展还是振兴河南省经济，农村教育的重要性都不言而喻。河南省政府认真贯彻落实中央的政策，曾先后几次进行了农村义务教育改革，都没能彻底解决农村义务教育的问题。农村义务教育在经费投入、办学条件和师资队伍等方面都不能满足现代农村义务教育的需要。
近些年，虽然农村经济有了很大的发展，政府对农村义务教育的投入也不断加大，但是，农村义务教育阶段办学条件与城市还有相当大的差距，教师队伍总体数量不足、整体素质不高、学科结构不合理、优秀教师流失严重，学生的缀学率居高不下。本文通过对这些问题进行分析，找出其存在的根源，提出解决问题的一些建议，认为要从根本上解决当前农村存在的问题，必须改革教育投入机制，加大对农村义务教育的投入力度，提高农村教师待遇，稳定教师队伍。针对农村义务教育阶段学生流失严重的问题，要加对强义务教育法的宣传力度，提高对农村义务教育的认识，预防辍学率的上升。
关键词：农村义务教育；经费投入 ；城乡差距

Abstract
Henan economic development in national is still in the lower level, urban and rural development imbalance by education degree, urban and rural per capita, rural population accounts for a greater difference between the province's population by 65%, farmer average education fixed number of year insufficient 7 years. Education level is low by, also have restricted the province rural further development of economy and society.
Urban and rural compulsory education in henan province, the uneven development of rural compulsory education long-term backward, in the coming 1025 planning, whether for personal development in henan province, the rural economy or revitalizing the importance of education is self-evident. Henan government conscientiously implement the central policy, once successively several times of rural compulsory education reform, has failed to thoroughly solve the problem of rural compulsory education. Rural compulsory education in funds, managerial condition and faculty all aspects of rural compulsory education cannot meet the need of modern.
In recent years, although the rural economy has made great development of rural compulsory education, the government also enlarges unceasingly, the investment of rural compulsory education phase, but condition for running schools and city and considerable gap, teachers overall shortage, the overall quality is not high, subject structure unreasonable, excellent education erosion, the student compose learn the high rate. This article through to these problems are analyzed, and find out the root of its existence, and puts forward some Suggestions to solve the problem, think to basically solve the problems existing in the current rural education investment mechanism, must reform of rural compulsory education, increase the investment, improve the rural education treatment. Stable teachers. Rural compulsory education phase for student drain serious problem, shall be added for strong the propaganda of the compulsory education law, improve education for rural obligation of understanding, prevent dropout rates rise.
Key Words: rual compulsory education; fee; difference between cities and villages

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