论《远大前程》中的仁爱因素

摘要：查尔斯•狄更斯在他著名的小说《远大前程》中描述了孤儿皮普从小到大的生活。从描写皮普对他的远大前程的追求到他的远大前程幻灭的过程，作者强调了仁爱力量的强大，仁爱因素作为人类生活的支撑力量同时也使得小说中的各种人物最终得到了人性的复苏，也是仁爱的复苏。本文从小说中人物角度分析，无论是正面抑或是反面人物，他们都受到一定程度的仁爱因素的影响，虽然最后他们的结局大相径庭。文章结合了维多利亚时代英国的时代背景以及作者自身对仁爱因素的认识进一步证明了仁爱因素对全人类社会发展的重要性。本文以小说主角皮普的“远大前程”为主线，从他立志成为一名上层社会的绅士到他所期望的远大前程的破灭，我们从他身边帮助他的人物身上看到了仁爱因素的闪光点以及所谓的反面人物身上仁爱的复苏，最重要的是我们从皮普自身的发展中看到了仁爱因素的丧失以及失而复得的全过程，全文旨在强调仁爱因素对人类至关重要。

关键词：人性; 复苏; 仁爱
On the Humanity and Love in Great Expectations
Abstract: Charles Dickens depicts the life of an orphan Pip in his celebrated novel Great Expectations. From the protagonist's struggle for the so-called great expectations to his disillusion of his great expectations, the author seems to underline the strength of love which is the perpetual backbone of human life. The characters in this novel eventually recover humanity through sensing different kinds of love. This paper analyzes the positive and negative characters in this novel. Though they end up with different results, they are affected by the aspects of humanity and love to some extent. This paper combines the social background in the Victorian era and the opinion on humanity Dickens holds in order to further demonstrate the importance that humanity has on human beings. There are many descriptions of stories so that they can serve as cogent supporting materials such as the ancient Chinese story "Bearing the Rod and willingly taking the punishment" as well as the merciful actions of Mother Theresa. The major line of this paper is the "great expectations" which is to be a gentleman in the higher society of the protagonist Pip. The novel depicts the plot that Pip forms his expectations after he meets with Estella and then he gets the support from a convict and at last his great expectations fail owing to his sponsor's being caught again. Pip then realizes the love others give to him; he starts to come to himself eventually. From the recovery of humanity on him as well as the people around him, no matter who they are, Miss Havisham who is filled with the idea of revenge or the runaway convict Magwitch, we can still get the shining point of humanity and love in them. The most important thing is that we realize the power of humanity and love finally.

Keywords: Humanity; Recovery; Love

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