浅析《老人与海》中人与自然的和谐之美

摘要：《老人与海》是海明威的杰作。自该小说发表以来，对其评论研究的文章不计其数。经研究发现，这些文章大都集中在对老人硬汉形象的分析，分析其勇气，信心，同时也有一部分人分析了老人的孤独状态。在二十一世纪， 人们从人与自然的关系重新解读了《老人与海》这篇小说，这篇小说在人与自然的关系方面给我们提供了一个更新，更好的研究方向。就像海明威所提出的冰山原则一样，小说中文字所描绘的形象只是作品表达的思想感情的八分之一，另外的八分之七需要作者结合自己的阅历，思想感情去慢慢体会。本文就是对《老人与海》这篇小说的另外八分之七进行挖掘。即随着现代社会自然灾害的频繁发生，人们不得不对“人类占有统治地位，能够主宰一切”这一想法进行反思。笔者试从小说中体现的人与自然之间的相互依赖关系这个角度对《老人与海》进行解读，体现人与自然的和谐相处，并结合现当代的一些环境问题，告诉世人,如果我们人类能够像小说中的主人公桑提亚哥那样，倡导简单朴实的生活，敬重自然中的生命形式，以及能够亲系世间万事万物，或许我们就可以减少一些环境危害，这对我们能够有一个更好的生活环境以及实现可持续发展都起到了无足轻重的作用。

关键词：老人与海；人与自然；和谐相处
The Harmony between Man and Nature in The Old Man and the Sea

Abstract: The Old and the Sea is Hemingway's masterpiece. Readers have been doing amount of researches on this novel from different aspects since it was published. According to the survey, these articles mainly focus on the analysis of the image of Santiago, including his tough image, courage and confidence, at the same time, some researchers also analysis the loneliness of him. In the new era of twenty-first century, we re-interpret the deep thought of The Old Man and the Sea from the perspective of the relationship between human and nature, it provides us that a new and better direction to see the relationship between man and nature. But like the iceberg principle put forward by Hemingway, the image depicted in the novel only needed to be expressed “one-eighth”, and the other “seven-eighth” hided in the novel needed to be found by the readers through their own reading, life experiences, emotional experiences and so on. This paper is the excavation of the other seven-eighths of The Old Man and the Sea. With frequent natural disasters in modern society, people have to think over the concept of the role of "human dominant”, which human beings are able to dominate everything. This paper tries to analysis the novel from the aspect of the interdependence between man and nature in The Old Man and the Sea with the combination of the harmonious pictures in the novel , a number of contemporary environmental problems in modern society in order to tell us that, as long as human beings can do as the novel's protagonist Santiago do--- advocated simple life, respected the lives in nature, man and nature can be in harmony with each other, and keeping in harmony with nature will be good for our human itself and will be a great significance for the implementation of sustainable in modern society.

Keywords:  The Old Man and the Sea; human and nature; harmony

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