浅析法律英语语篇结构特点对阅读效率的影响

摘    要

法律英语是特殊用途英语语言中的一种。作为一门交叉学科，法律英语既有英语语言的基本特征，又有法律学科的独特特点。因为法学知识的严谨性和逻辑性，法律英语语篇呈现出词汇生僻，语句冗长，逻辑结构转折较多等的现象，增加了法律英语语篇的阅读难度。
有效地阅读和把握法律英语语篇的内容及含义，一般认为需要熟练且大量掌握相应的语言特点、词汇及特殊用途，而且不可否认的是，这也确实是进行包括法律英语在内的任何英语语篇阅读的基本。但是法律英语作为同时融合了法学知识和英语语言知识的交叉学科，其本身的难度就造成了能够做到熟练掌握其两方面知识十分困难，特别是对于英语专业的同学而言，但社会发展对法律英语的需求却是不断增大。因此在拥有一定的的语言知识基础上，是否可以通过其他的阅读思路来提高阅读效率在此时就显得极为需要我们去探求。本文围绕这一问题，从了解法律英语语篇结构特点的角度出发，进行研究，试图发现规律并在规律的基础之上进而有效的进行阅读，力求从宏观角度把握语篇大意，并作相关信息处理。
本文主要运用语篇分析的方法对法律英语语篇进行了分类讨论和分析。以英文法条和法学院试卷中的语段作为示例，分析和总结了法律英语语篇的结构特点，并就这些特点提出相关的阅读思路，主张从宏观角度把握整个语段的逻辑思路和主旨大意，从而提高阅读效率。

关键词： 法律英语； 语篇结构； 长难句； 阅读效率
Abstract

Legal English is a branch of English for Special Purposes. As an intersection between English and law, legal English contains characteristics of both sides. Being rigor and logic, legal English discourse appears with the features of having uncommon words, long sentences, complex logic structure and so on, which increases the difficulty of legal English reading.
It is generally acknowledged that people should master a large quantity of vocabulary as well as some special expressions for the purpose of reading. Admittedly, those are the essential qualifications while read any kind of English discourse, including legal English reading. However legal English, as a combination of both law and English language, leads to a situation that few people could reach that level, especially for the majority of English majors, while the requirements is increasing. Thus, whether we could find out another reading strategy is essential, with which people would improve the reading efficiency based on the knowledge they have. Holding that research goal, this research will mainly discuss the structural features of legal English discourse and relative reading ideas based on the classification of legal English discourses, the usage of long sentences as well as coordinate and transition structure.
 This dissertation discusses legal English discourse based on the classification, mainly applying method of discourse analysis. With samples from legal articles and law school papers, the research deals with the structural features of legal English discourse, and gives some suggestions about reading, which advocates an overall perspective leading to the mainly idea and logic content of discourse.
 
Key Words:  Legal English;  Discourse Structure;  Long Sentence;  Reading Efficiency

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