创新是推动成功创业的利器 ——以阿里巴巴电子商务公司为例
摘 要
创新是一个民族进步的灵魂，是国家兴旺发达的不竭动力。在全球经济一体化和新经济的背景下，企业经营环境发生了根本性的变化。企业若要在日趋激烈的市场竞争环境中立于不败之地，就必须使自身的发展战略进行及时、有效地创新。业界对于创新对创业成功的推动作用有广泛的研究，也鼓励创业型企业积极运用创新来帮助创业，然而，很多企业仍然固步自封，无视创新的效用，只能在激烈的竞争中被淘汰。
本文首先回顾国内外关于创新、创业以及两者相互关系的理论，包括创新的内涵、特征、主要来源、类型，创业的内涵、特征、类型以及其成功的影响因素，并以此为基础提出创新与创业的相互关系。
其后，通过案例分析以持续创新著名的电子商务公司——阿里巴巴集团的创新、创业历程，以及其在创新、创业过程中所体现的创新与创业的各项维度，来探讨创新对成功创业的推动作用，发现创新是企业初创时期阿里巴巴进入市场的基石，不断创新推动阿里巴巴的持续发展，进而得出创新是阿里巴巴成功创业的有力武器的结论。
最后，分别从战略、组织、管理系统、激励机制、学习机制、企业文化等影响企业发展的几个方面，提出对企业进行创新管理的建议，并配以阿里巴巴的相关实践作为支持，希望对广大创业型企业有所裨益。
关键词 ：阿里巴巴，创新，创业，推动作用
ABSTRACT
Innovation is the soul of a nation’s progress; it is an inexhaustible motive force for the prosperity of the country as well. Business environment has undergone fundamental transformation in the background of global integrating economy and new emerging economy. In order to succeed in the increasingly competitive market environment, enterprise must make its own development strategy for timely and effective innovation. Therefore there are a wide rang of researches relating the promoting force that innovation provides to successful entrepreneurship. Actively use of innovation to help make achievement is also encouraged. Quite a number of enterprises, however, are still insisting on the established strategies, ignoring the effectiveness of innovation, thereby being eliminated in the competitive market environment.
This paper first reviews the theories about innovation, entrepreneurship and the relationship between the two at home and abroad. It starts from the analysis of the connotation, features, main resources and types of innovation; and then comes to the connotation, characteristics, types and influencing factors of entrepreneurship; then the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship is put forwards to.
And then the article, through a detailed analysis of well-known e-commerce companies - Alibaba Group's innovation and entrepreneurial process, as well as their features embodied in this process, explores the effective role of innovation in promoting successful entrepreneurship. We find that innovation is the cornerstone of Alibaba to enter the market when its business newly started; we also notice that continuous innovation promotes the sustainable development of Alibaba; it reaches the conclusion that innovation is a powerful weapon of successful entrepreneurship.
Finally, from several aspects of enterprise development including strategy, organization, management systems, incentive mechanism, learning mechanism and corporate culture, accompanied with the relevant practice of Alibaba as a support, this paper concludes with the recommendations for innovative management of enterprise, in the hope that domestic firms will benefit from these suggestions.
Key Words : Alibaba, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Promoting role
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