解析《秘密花园》中的女性生态主义

《秘密花园》1911年在美国一出版,就风靡全国,成了畅销书,不但引起了读者和批评界的极大关注,而且进入了中小学的教科书. 福斯特和西蒙斯指出，按照拉康的理论，秘密花园是女性想象力的世界。美国作家F．H．伯内特通过儿童小说《秘密花园》中身体赢弱、性格孤僻的少年在与他人、与自然的交往中恢复身心健康的故事，表达了她的生态女性主义思想：对男性中心主义的批判以及对和谐的人与人、人与自然关系的向往，在这里象征性的秩序被叫停，男性权威也因此被边缘化,本文通过对主人公性格特征的分析，深入作品解读小说中所体现的女性生态主义。一方面从作者对男性主义的批判入手，另一方面从双性同体这一理论来理解，层层递进和深入，揭示文中的女性生态主义。从女性主义角度解读这部小说，探讨的笔触主要在于：第一，对人物的分析集中在两个少年人物——玛丽和迪肯，说明作者对“双性同体”思想的肯定。第二，该小说的类型使其成为形式独特的儿童小说。作者打破了传统中男孩子的书和女孩子的书的界限，将历险小说和家庭小说结合在一起。《秘密花园》不仅是一部单纯的写给成长中孩子们的心灵魔法书,还是一部写给成人的"命运之书",而这两者互相交织,共同构成了《秘密花园》里那种蓬勃、神秘的世界.
关键词《秘密花园》；伯内特；女性生态主义；双性同体；男性主义
An Analysis of “Ecofeminism”in The Secret Garden

Abstract: When The Secret Garden published in the United Satate in 1991,it swept the country and become a bestseller,it attracted not only the readers but also the critics,and as a textbook into the primary and secondary schools. Foster and Simmons point out that according to Lacan's theory, the secret garden is the female's imagination of the world. The Secret Garden telling the story of a body frail,stubborn juvenile ,who learn to love and share by contacting with the nature and others,Eventually restore physical and mental health, the author reveals the traditional male-centered ideology of opposition to the establishment of mutual caring people, the relationship between man and nature longing. Here the symbolic order has been halted, and the male authority was marginalized. Analysing the characteristics of the hero's character,  and understanding the Women Ecologism in the novel. On the one hand from the critique of Masculinity, the other from androgyny, Progressive and in-depth layers to reveal the text of female Ecologism. This dissertation intends to interpret the novel from the feminist viewpoint to show Burnett’S feminist ideas reflected in the novel and concentrates on two as—pects—character，genre and the metaphorical meaning of the garden．First，two major characters—Mary and Dickon-will be analyzed to show the author’S affirmation of androgyny．Second，the genre is unique．The author combines adventure story with domestic story，thus crossing the line between a girl’s book and a boy’s book theSecret Garden is not only a magic book for children but also a “Book of Fate”for the adults,and both of these are intertwinded together to form a mysterious world,it has high value in research.
Keywords: The Secret Garden; Burnett; Feminist;Androgyny; Androcentrism

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