谈汉英姓氏的历史文化差异

姓氏作为一种社会结构中的血缘关系符号，是人们籍以相互区别的标志。姓氏是传统文化中生命力最旺、凝聚力最强、感召力最大的人文历史情结，是认知民族文化的伟大基石。大千世界，芸芸众生，人人有姓，各各有名，汉英姓氏体系与民族历史、宗教信仰、传统文化、风俗习惯有着密切的联系。汉英姓氏各自生长在不同的社会环境中，经过漫长的历史洗刷和积淀，各自张扬着迥异的文化个性，进发出独特的历史魅力，体现出鲜明的民族特点，揭示出不同的价值取向和审美标准。
姓名不仅仅是人们籍以相互区别的标志或符号，还是交往的开端，更是人们了解一个社会及其文化诸多方面的一个信息窗口。本文就中英姓氏的历史文化差异做了详细的比较、分析，试图通过分析两者的不同点在一定意义上解决跨文化交际中由于中英姓名的文化差异而导致的问题,有助于在跨文化交际中提高文化敏感性，达到更好的沟通和交流。

关键词: 中英姓氏；历史不同；文化不同
Abstract
As the kinship signals in the social structure, names are the signs to distinguish people. Names are the most energetic, cohesive, inspiring humanistic and historical complex in traditional cultures; they are the foundation stones to understand different cultures. Everyone has his own surname and given name in the world. Chinese and English surname systems have close relationship with their national histories, religious beliefs, traditional cultures, and social customs. Chinese and English names have been growing in two different social environments, after long period of historical clearance and accumulation; they have shown various cultural peculiarities, bursting special historic charms, expressing distinct national characteristics, disclosing different valuable orientations and aesthetic standards.
Surnames are a sign as well as an information window, through which people may better perceive a society and its culture in various aspects. The thesis probes into the historical and cultural differences between Chinese and English surnames, which may help English or Chinese language learners to avoid blindness, arbitrariness or even embarrassment and to enhance cross-cultural awareness and improve communication and mutual understanding.

Keywords: Chinese and English surnames  historical differences  cultural difference
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