文章简要介绍了国外关于职业生涯管理的理论发展及实践，指出国内关于这一理论正处于引入阶段，实践上也刚开始进行尝试，指出了职业生涯管理正规化、系统化的发展趋势。
接着，文章结合工作实践，对企业如何进行有效的员工职业生涯管理做了深入论述。文章分析了企业进行员工生涯管理的目的是优化企业人力资源管理效果，提高企业竞争力。员工的职业生涯可分为职业生涯早期阶段、职业生涯中期阶段、职业生涯晚期阶段，员工在不同阶段承担着不同的任务，在不同阶段均可能获得成功；企业应该针对员工的不同结业阶段采取不同的管理措施，设计出多种职业通道，帮助员工获得成功。文章提出了一些操作性较强的具体的职业生涯管理措施。
文章通过对某公司员工的职业生涯设计的案例分析，指出了员工职业生涯管理对企业的重要意义。最后，笔者得出结论，企业进行员工职业生涯管理，有利于人力资源输出效果的提高，从而帮助企业获得竞争优势。
关键词:职业生涯 职业生涯规划 职业生涯管理 职业锚
The profession career plan and management of the employee
Abstract
Human Resource Management has become the key to the enterprise management, which can help the business to gain competitive advantage since our society has evolved into an area of knowledge economy.
From the prospective management, the paper proposes that the career management, especially that for the managerial and professional staffs, is essential for the enterprise to optimize its employment ability and behavior, and thus gain competitive advantage.
The paper introduces the major theories and practices of career management in the world. It is clear that both the development of theory and application of career management are still at their initial stages in China while the tendency of the relevant area will surely become more and more important normalization and systemization in career management.
Based on theoretical framework and experience gained, the paper then gives an in-depth analysis for the effective implementation of career management in an enterprise. It is believed that the goal of career management is to optimize the effectiveness of HR management, to raise its competitiveness. Employee's career can be divided into three phases: first stage, middle stage, final stage. The role for the employee in each phase is different. They can succeed in each phase. The enterprise can design various career channels and assist its employees to succeed in the career development. In addition to it, the author provides some practical methods concerning career management.
Managerial and professional staffs are generally critical to the enterprise survival and development. Based on analysis of their job nature, the author points out that managerial and professional staffs are the main object of career management.
By presenting the case of career management practices in a company the paper describes the specific ways of managing career in businesses organizations. The conclusion of the paper indicates that career management, especially that for the managerial and professional staffs, can help the enterprise to improve HR output and gain competitive advantage.
Key Words: Career Management、 Human Resource Competitive Advantage
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