从语言禁忌论中美文化差异

随着全球化的发展，中美之间的交流日益频繁；但由于两国文化的差异，中美跨文化交际的过程中会出现一些误会甚至冲突。为了避免这种情况，交际双方需要深入了解两国的文化。语言是文化的载体，也是文化的重要组成部分；语言禁忌作为一种文化现象存在于全世界于每一种语言；不同文化中的宗教信仰、社会制度等因素也影响了其语言禁忌的产生和发展，从而加速了文化冲突的出现。本文介绍了中文和英文中的语言禁忌，对二者的种类进行了划分并对其成因进行了比较分析，使读者通过对语言禁忌的深入学习，能够在中美跨文化交际中用客观的态度看待语言禁忌，采取有效的办法避免由语言禁忌引起的冲突，实现两国文化的和谐交流。
关键词:    跨文化交际；  语言禁忌；  文化差异
Abstract

With the development of globalization, the communication between China and America becomes more and more frequent. Because of cultural differences between the two countries, a variety of problems will be encountered in communication. The problems may cause misunderstandings, even conflicts. In order to avoid the condition we need research into the languages and cultures of Chinese and American. It is well known that language is the carrier of the culture. Language taboo as an important part of human language is a cultural phenomenon shared by people all over the world. Language taboo lies in every language and culture. In different cultures, religious faith, social system and other factors affect the emergence and development of language taboo, thereby accelerating the cultural conflict emergence. In the dissertation, the taboos existing in Chinese and English will be introduced and a comparison of differences between Chinese and English will be made which help readers have in-depth understanding of language taboo. Through learning knowledge of intercultural communication, participants in the intercultural communication between China and America should have objective attitude to language taboos, and take effective way to avoid conflicts caused by language taboos, enable the communication environment between China and America harmonious.
 
Key Words:  Intercultural Communication;  Language Taboo;  Culture Difference 

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