《紫色》中女性自我身份的构建

    艾丽斯•沃克是美国当代最具影响力的黑人作家之一，同时还是一位政治活动家。作为一名杰出的美国黑人作家，艾丽斯•沃克十分关注黑人女性的身份问题。她生动地描写了性别歧视（男性主义），种族歧视和平穷致使妇女为之反抗的种种故事。在所有这样类似题材的作品中，给艾丽斯•沃克带来名誉的同时也引起了很大的争议的《紫色》是最出色的一部作品。这部小说曾在1983年荣获普里策奖和全国图书奖，又于1982年获得全国书评家协会奖提名，在1986年，美国著名导演史蒂文•斯皮尔伯格将这部著作改编拍摄为电影搬上了大荧幕，引起剧烈反响。
小说《紫色》成功塑造了男权社会下的黑人女性形象，她们过去被强奸、鞭打、隔离，但是她们勇敢保护自己，反抗压迫，坚强幸存下来。本文将系统分析黑人女性如何在社会中丧失自我身份，寻求自我身份和成功塑造自我身份的过程,她们通过抗争获得了自我身份，实现了家庭和社会上的独立，以及身心解放后更加关注她们自己对于这个社会和世界的看法。艾丽丝•沃克赞扬了黑人女性的勇气和独特的人格魅力，展现了小说的独特魅力。

关键词: 艾丽斯•沃克   《紫色》   黑人女性   身份

Abstract

Alice Walker is one of the most influential contemporary American black writers and activists. As an outstanding Afro-American woman writer, Alice Walker is always interested in the identity problem of black women. She describes vividly the sexism, racism and poverty that make women’s life often a struggle. Among all those kinds of works, The Color Purple, which makes her more famous and controversial, is the most outstanding one. It won her the 1983 Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award, and it was nominated for the 1982 National Book Critics Circle Award. The novel was adapted for the screen in 1986 by the director Steven Spielberg and ignited some controversy. This novel occupies an important place in the histories of both Black literature and American literature.
The Color Purple portrays successful image of black women in male-dominated society. They were raped, beaten, and separated, but they fought, struggled and survived. This thesis tries to systematically analyze how black women lose, struggle for and construct their self-identity. Through arduously struggles and efforts, ultimately, the black women could live well without men and choose the life style they like and pay more attention to their own view of society and world. By contemplating on the process of construction of women self-identity, Alice Walker recommends the courage and unique charisma of black women, which makes The Color Purple permanently fascinating.

Key words: Alice Walker,   The Color Purple,   Black women,   Identity

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