从《推手》看跨文化交际中的文化身份认同

随着经济全球化的深入发展，中国人和西方人的交流也与日俱增，面对陌生的种族文化、不同的思维方式、生活及行为习惯，文化冲突也凸显出来，这也导致跨文化交际中的身份与认同问题愈显突出。在跨文化交际中，文化身份的地位非常重要，因此，我们应重视如何协调文化身份以促进跨文化交际。
电影《推手》，集中体现了东方文化和西方文化的碰撞，本文通过分析电影《推手》中不同文化身份的主人公在美国生活所遇到的情况和心理活动，以及电影中主要人物在文化碰撞中对自身文化身份寻求认同和重新建构的过程，来探讨美国华裔所经历的由于文化身份的差异所引起的冲突和碰撞。从而进一步讨论导致文化身份差异的原因，以及出现文化身份认同困境和文化身份认同危机时，我们应如何应对，最后本文也提出了，我们应避免两种极端思想，避免偏执于中国传统文化或西方文化，并加强中西交流，促进文化整合，在包容、理解的基础上，建构第三方文化，并重新建构起根植于具有包容性的中华传统文化基础上的文化身份，从而提升跨文化交际的质量和效果。

关键词：文化身份认同;认同危机;文化整合;第三方文化
Cultural Identity in Intercultural Communication
Reflected in Pushing Hands
Abstract: With the development of globalization, the contact between different cultures is greatly increasing. Cross-cultural communication has also been an unavoidable reality. However, because of unfamiliar cultures, different ways of thinking, living and behavior, and other factors, a variety of cultural conflicts have become prominent, which also make cultural identity issues more prominent in cross-cultural communication. Therefore, we should pay more attention to cultural identity in order to promote cross-cultural communication.
The movie “Pushing Hands” embodies the collision between Chinese culture and Western culture. In this paper, we will explore the conflicts that Chinese-American have experienced due to different cultural identities. By analyzing the heroes’ American life and mental activities, who is of different cultural identities in the movie, as well as the process of the main characters in the movie searching for self-identity and re-constructing their identities, we can summarize the reasons that cause cultural identity crisis. Moreover, we will discuss what should we do when we are in cultural identity dilemma and cultural identity crisis.
In the end of this paper, we also point out that we should avoid the two extreme ideologies, avoiding paranoid in traditional Chinese culture or Western culture, and we should strengthen the communication between Chinese and Western to promote cultural integration. We should construct a third culture on the basis of toleration and understanding, and re-construct a cultural identity rooted in traditional Chinese culture, so as to enhance the quality and effectiveness of cross-cultural communication.

Keywords: Cultural identity; Cultural identity crisis; Cultural integration; A third culture

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