中国儿童学习英语的最佳年龄段

随着世界经济和政治的发展，中国与其他国家交流越来越频繁。作为全世界最通用的官方语言，英语学习受到很多国家的重视。在中国也是如此。为了迎合英语受重视这一现状，无论是中国政府，学校还是家长们都很重视中国儿童的英语学习。
中国儿童学习英语存在三大特点：第一从很小年纪开始学英语；第二为了考试而学英语；第三过度学习英语。然而这之中，对于中国儿童是不是尽可能早的学习英语存在有很大争议。
关键期假说是二语习得中一个很热的话题。很多学者专家对此经行研究。关键期假说描述的是在某个阶段，人的生理机制能最有效地发挥并且人们可以利用这个自然地习得语言。因此我们可以知道年龄在二语习得中有着很重要的作用。年龄影响二语习得的顺序、速度和最终水平。
为了发现中国儿童学习英语的最佳年龄段，中国学者对此也做了很多调查很实证研究。将他们的观点归纳，发现他们对于中国儿童学习英语的最佳年龄段主要分为三类：1、低于5岁；2、年龄在5到9岁；3、年龄在9到12岁。经过对他们研究的批判分析，我觉得中国儿童学习英语的最佳年龄段在9到12岁。
然而年龄只是影响二语习得的一个因素。除此之外，语言环境和师资力量等都会对二语习得产生影响。所以想提高中国儿童英语学习质量，还有很多事情需要做。

关键词：英语学习；中国儿童；二语习得；关键期假说；最佳年龄段
 
The Optimal Age Range for Learning English by Chinese Children
Abstract: With the development of world economy and politics, there are more and more communications between China and other countries. And English, as one of the official languages, is used most widely in the whole world. The entire world pays large attention to English learning. It is the same case in China. In order to appeal to this situation, the Chinese government, schools, and parents all emphasize English learning of Chinese children.
There are three characteristics of the current situation of English learning by Chinese children. They are starting learning English at an early age, learning English for exams, and learning English excessively. However there is a big dispute on whether Chinese children should learn English as earlier as possible.
The critical period hypothesis is a heated topic in second language acquisition. Many scholars have made research on this. The critical period hypothesis states that there is a period during which people’s physiological mechanism was mobilized most efficiently, and people can take advantage of this to acquire naturally. So we can know age plays an important role in second language acquisition. Age influence the order, speed and final level of English learning.
In order to find an optimal age range for English learning by Chinese children, Chinese experts have made a lot of investigations and empirical research on this topic. There are three main groups divided from their opinions. They are age below 5 years old, age between 5 to 9 years old, and age between 9 to 12 years old. However after critical analyses on the empirical research, I find that the optimal age range of English learning by Chinese children is 9 to 12 years old.
Although age influences second language acquisition, there are also other aspects affecting second language acquisition such as language environment, the quality of faculty, and so on. More things should be done to improve the quality the English learning by Chinese children.
   

Keywords: English learning; Chinese children; second language acquisition; the critical period hypothesis; the optimal age range

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