中西文化面子观差异性对比研究

为了在跨文化交际中营造一个和谐的氛围，对面子的研究是非常必要的。就像scollon所说的，世界上没有无面子的交际。但是，由于世界各国的文化不同，造成人们对面子观也不尽相同。并且，当今社会，面子和面子功夫在跨文化交际中涉及的是越来越广，其所扮演的角色也越来越重要。它们的使用方式和运用原则由于文化背景的不同，表现的都也不尽相同。
   本文将主要从以下几个方面来讨论中西不同文化下面子观的差异性：（1）中国传统的礼文化；（2）中国的集体主义文化及其对面子观的影响；（3）中国面子观的主要特征；（4）中国面子功夫的主要表现；（5）西方的个人主义文化；（6）个人主义文化对面子观的影响；（7）西方文化下面子观的主要特征。而本文的一大亮点就是在于试图寻找出中西交流过程中两种不同面子观相互融合的新趋势。

关键词：面子；礼文化；集体主义；个人主义；对比
Abstract
In order to have a harmonious atmosphere in cross-cultural communicating, it is very necessary to study the concept of face. As scollon said there is no communicating without face in the world. But in different cultures, people hold different ideas of the concept of face. Moreover, face and face-work have been employed in intercultural communication widely and playing a very important role in cross-cultural communication, the using style and principles are different according to different culture backgrounds.
 This thesis will discuss the concept of face mainly from the following: (1) “礼” culture in Chinese traditional culture; (2) collectivism in Chinese culture and its influence on face; (3) major characteristics of Chinese concept of face; (4) the performance of Chinese face-work; (5) individualism in Western culture; (6) influence of individualism on the concept of face; (7) characteristics of face-work in Western culture. What is really new in this study is to find out new tendency of mixing of face concepts in Chinese-Western communication.
 Moreover, according to comparative analysis, this paper will explore certain pragmatic strategies of mixing and understanding for each other through the analysis of cultural roots, in order to make it easier to have a command of face principles and to benefit from mutual understanding. 

Keywords: face; “Li”(礼) culture; collectivism; individualism; comparison

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