英汉习语中文化因素的对比研究

世界文化的多样性体现在语言上，东、西方文化的巨大差异也同样体现在语言上。英汉习语作为各自语言的精华，承载了丰富的文化内涵，这也是理解和学习习语的难点之所在，因此学习英汉习语最重要是学习它们的文化背景。
对英汉习语文化渊源的研究可以反映出英语和汉语的文化差异，在文化渊源影响英汉习语应用的比较研究中，本文采用定性分析法对英汉习语进行分析、分类、比较、研究它们的文化渊源。本文还尝试性的探讨了英汉习语的不同文化渊源对习语对应关系上的影响，即英语和汉语中有极少一些习语是完全对应，而大量的习语具有不完全对应关系和没有对应关系。最后，本文对研究结果的实践应用也有所涉及：根据英汉习语中的文化渊源对英汉跨文化交际的影响，提出一些途径以促进跨文化交际中习语的相互理解。通过对英汉两种文化和英汉习语之间文化联系的比较分析，帮助语言学习者树立学习英汉习语的文化意识，使人们在了解两种民族文化特性的基础上，更易理解英汉习语的文化内涵，最终达到恰当地阅读和使用英汉习语的目的并促进跨文化交际中习语使用者之间的相互理解。

关键词：  英汉习语；  文化渊源；   对应关系；   跨文化交际.
Abstract

The diversity of the world is embodied in language. The cultural differences between the West and the East are also reflected in language. As the essence of Chinese language and English language, Idioms are the reflection of people’s work and lives. They are not only a production but also an abstract and sublimation of life.         Consequently, a comparative study on the cultural sources of English and Chinese idioms may shed great light on the cultural differences of the two languages.
This thesis conducts a comparative study on the cultural sources of English idioms and Chinese idioms. And qualitative analysis has been adopted in the thesis. The cultural sources of English idioms and those of Chinese idioms consist of the major aspects of culture which is closely related to the life of common people. Different cultural sources lead to three differences in the use of English and Chinese idioms. With different cultural sources there are some idioms in English and Chinese languages which have no equivalent or corresponding parts in each other. Most of them are semi-corresponding and non-corresponding. Finally, the application of the findings is also touched upon: some ways to promote mutual understanding of idioms in cross-cultural communication are proposed according to the influence of cultural sources in English and Chinese idioms on cross-cultural communication between English-speaking people and Chinese. The research may serve to enrich language learners' knowledge on cultural sources of English and Chinese idioms, thus enhancing their cultural awareness. Consequently, it will be easy for people to get deep understanding about the connection of English and Chinese idioms to their cultural sources, which will greatly help with proper commanding and using of English and Chinese idioms and promoting mutual understanding of idioms-users in cross-cultural communication.

Key Words:  English and Chinese idioms;  cultural sources;  degree of  correspondence;   cross-cultural communication.

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