从《刮痧》看中西文化的冲突与融合趋势

文化是人类社会历史实践过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和。中西两大文化的交流与合作是跨文化活动中的重要部分，是一种双向的交流。自人类社会进入文明时代以来，中西文化的论争已经断断续续进行了四百多年。东方文化是一个纵文化，西方文化是横文化。纵横文化到底孰优孰劣，孰为从属，孰为统治？还是形成和谐？至今尚无定论。本文首先对跨文化交际在中西方的现状及发展过程进行简单阐述，接着介绍了当今世界主要的几种关于中西文化发展趋势的设想，即：以美国为代表的西方文化将成为世界轴心文化；东方的中国文化将居于世界的主导地位；中西两种文化将在包容整合中走向和谐统一。随即，在指出跨文化交际中电影这一艺术形式所起的重要作用的基础上，对电影《刮痧》反映的中西文化冲突和融合做了详尽地介绍和分析。
关键词：跨文化交际；冲突； 融合；文化趋势
The Study of Cultural Orientation of Conflicts and Reconcilability between Chinese Culture and Western Culture from the Movie Guasha

Abstract

As a product of culture, movie enriches the movie while culture is the foundation of movie. Through more than a century’s development, movies have been deeply planted into every culture, and have the closest relationship with people’s daily life. Therefore, it can make sense to probe into the cultural orientation of conflicts and reconcilability between Chinese culture and western culture from the perspective of movie. The thesis first introduces the present situation and development of intercultural communication between Chinese culture and western culture. And the writing purposes and significance are elaborated, and three contemporary popular assumptions about cultural orientations are presented as well. After emphasizing the crucial role movies play in the cross-cultural commutation, the sources of cultural conflicts and reconcilability between China and western countries are analyzed and compared from several perspectives with the examples from the movie Guasha. The movie shows the differences between Eastern and Western cultures and can serve as an excellent example for the perceptual difference of interpersonal relationships in China and America. At the same time, it demonstrates the importance and the possibility of cultural assimilation. By the enlightenments of the movie Guasha, the thesis provides related theories for better proving the believable and authentic an adaptive or a third culture between China and western countries. At last, some suggestions about the culture orientation are given. Again, emphasis is made on the significance of culture learning between China and western countries at the end of the thesis.

Key words: Cross-cultural communication; Conflicts; Reconcilability; Cultural orientations

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