从社交习惯看中西文化差异

随着经济全球化的发展，不同文化之间的交流日益加强。交流作为传播文化的一个主要媒介，在跨文化交际中起着重要作用。不同文化背景的人交流方式不一样，社交习惯也不一样。在跨文化交流过程中，不同文化的人因不了解对方的社交习惯及文化难以进一步交流，因此从社交习惯差异的角度了解中西文化差异显得尤为重要。
本文主要从社交习惯的角度出发，最初简要论述了社交习惯的特点及其重要性，在此基础上又从两个方面分析了中西社交习惯的差异, 这两个方面分为，第一：场合，包括非正式，半正式和正式场合；第二：语言，包括肢体语言，称呼语和禁忌语。进而，笔者又分析了这些社交习惯差异所折射出来的三大文化起因——集体主义VS.个人主义；单时间观念VS.多时间观念； 人与自然和谐VS.人与自然不和谐。最后，本文还提供了三个促进中西文化交流的措施和建议，它们分别是尊重他人，理解文化差异和了解不同的思维方式。

关键词：社交习惯；文化差异；跨文化交流；建议
Abstract

With the development of economic globalization, the interactions between different cultures have been unprecedentedly intensified. Communication, as a main medium of disseminating culture, plays an important role in cross-cultural communication. As we all know, people from different cultures communicate in a different way and they practice different social communication habits. There is no wonder that people with different backgrounds will encounter problems in the process of intercultural communication because they lack enough understanding of different cultures. Thus it is of great importance to know cultural differences between Chinese and West from the perspective of social communication habits.
The thesis, from the perspective of social communication habit, starts with the discussion of the characteristics and importance of social communication habits, and then analyze the differences between Chinese and West social communication habits from two aspects, namely in terms of occasion: informal; semiformal and in terms of language: body language; address; taboo. Furthermore, the author deeply analyzes three cultural differences contributing to different social communication habits, including collectivism VS. individualism; polychronic time VS. monochronic time; harmony VS. disharmony between man and nature. Meanwhile, on the basis of cultural differences, this thesis also provides three valuable and valid suggestions for intercultural communication, namely, respecting each other, understanding different culture and knowing thinking patterns.

Key words: Social communication habit; cultural differences;   
           cross-cultural communications; suggestions 

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