论美国殖民地时期文学中的幽默艺术

幽默是美国文化的一个重要成分,美国人以具有很强的幽默感而著称。为更好地理解美国文化,对美国幽默追根溯源是重要且必要的。美国的幽默传统可以追溯到民族和文化形成的最初阶段，既殖民地时期。美国殖民地时期文学已经具备了幽默元素,为美国文学的幽默传统奠定了基础。这一传统的形成与美国的社会历史、宗教哲学、民族精神以及多元文化基因有着密切的关联，从而形成幽默的经典模式--黑色幽默。本论文认为要想正确研究黑色幽默，就必须把它放在其诞生的社会环境来讨论。在反殖民地战争中，美国人不论是在身体上还是精神上都经历了太多。战争结束后，人们失去了家园，失去了生命的意义和价值，而且他们对历史的认识也变得模糊与不确定。而这些都在文学作品中得到了很好的体现。
本文将着重从著名作家约瑟夫•海勒和库特•冯内古特的作品中分析黑色幽默在人们生活中，思想中的体现。论文包括五个部分：第一部分简单介绍文章主要内容；第二部分概括美国文学中的幽默以及分类；第三部分分析美国殖民地时期的文学作品中的黑色幽默；第四部分则涉及美国殖民地时期的幽默对后世的多种媒体产生的深远影响。最后一部分总结了以上各个部分的内容。

关键词： 殖民地时期   美国文学   黑色幽默
Humor in Colonial American Literature

Abstract

     Humor is a vital element in American culture and American people are well-known for their strong sense of humor. It is of tremendous importance and necessity to search for the origin of American humor in order to have a better understanding of the American culture. Historically, American tradition of humor traces back to the nation’s very beginning, the colonial period, when the American people as well as their culture were taking shape. The tradition of humor in American literature has been shaped since the colonial period, and is closely related with the social backgrounds, national character, religion, philosophy and diverse culture. The right way to study black humor is to put it in the environment where it was born. During the colonial wars, the Americans have experienced too much, both physically and spiritually. At the end of the wars, they lost their homes, purposes and values of life. These were naturally reflected in the literature.
     The present thesis analyzes the black humor in American life and thought by focusing on the works of Joseph Heller and Kurt Vonnegut. This thesis includes five parts. The first part will introduce the main content of this thesis. The second part is the humor in American literature and its classification. The third part analyzes the black humor in the colonial American literature. The fourth part involves the deep influence of black humor on a variety of media. The last section is a summary of the whole paper

Key words:   Colonial Era   American Literature   Black Humor

*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】