论《老友记》中的美国个人主义

美国人最珍惜的基本价值观是个人主义和依靠自己、机会均等和公平竞争、物质享受和努力工作。个人主义是一种以个人为中心对待社会或他人的思想和理论观点，强调个人的自由和个人的重要性，以及“自我独立的美德” “个人独立”个人主义作为美国人生活的主导价值观，已发展成为美国文化的核心。个人主义在美国人的思想中占据了主导地位，影响到从政治生活到社会生活的各个领域。自20世纪以来，美国个人主义作为西方资本主义意识形态的核心思想和主导价值观，在西方个人主义的流派中具有代表性。个人主义价值体系主要表现在：个人是体现一切价值的中心和主体；社会只是实现个人目的的条件和手段，个人才是最终目的；从道义上来讲人生来就是平等的。任何人都有权利按自己的意愿去生活。本论文在对美国个人主义的产生和历史渊源及发展进行分析的基础上，以《老友记》为研究对象，探讨个人主义在美国人日常生活对待爱情和工作的具体体现，从而达到对个人主义有一个全面完整的认识的目的。

关键词：美国   个人主义   老友记   爱情   事业
American Individualism in Friends

Abstract

The most basic values for Americans are individualism and self-reliance, equal opportunity and fair competition, material comforts, and hard work. “Individualism” is a point of view, which emphasizes on the importance of freedom, personal rights, virtue of independence and personal independence, talks about how to treat society and others’ theoretical ideas with the foundation of individuals. Individualism, as the leading values of American life, has already developed into the core of American culture, which takes up the most important position in the American ideology, influencing all aspects of life ranging from political to social fields. Since the 20th century, American individualism, as a dominant ideology and core value, has been a representative in the schools of western individualism. The value system of individualism is mainly seen in the following fields: individual is the center and core of all values; society is the means to the realization of personal goals in which individual is the only purpose; morally speaking, all men are created equal and each person is entitled to free choice of life style. Upon analyzing the appearance and historical reason and the development of individualism, this paper, taking Friends as research subject, explores the embodiment of individualism in Americans’ daily lives especially in terms of love and work to gain a general understanding of American individualism.

Key words:  America,   Individualism,   Friends,   Love,   Career

*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】