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《法国中尉的女人》中的存在主义意识


全文字数:7000字左右  原创时间:<=2022年

【内容摘要】

《法国中尉的女人》中的存在主义意识


约翰.福尔斯是英国最杰出的当代小说家之一。他最著名的小说《法国中尉的女人》讲述了男女主人公萨拉和查尔斯经历了种种选择和抗争,摆脱了社会束缚和世俗偏见,最终走上了自由之路。这是一部优秀的后现代主义小说,而且它的创作过程深受存在主义,尤其是萨特式存在主义思想的影响。福尔斯不仅在小说叙事层面上以后现代主义叙事技巧来关注作者,读者以及小说人物的自由,而且通过男女主人公的自由选择探讨人类的存在主义自由。
    本文运用存在主义,特别是萨特的存在主义来解读这部小说。存在主义是一个复杂的哲学流派,本文仅选取了萨特哲学中的几个基本观点角,如萨特的文学观,人类的焦虑,与他者的关系,及自由选择,作为论述视角,从小说的叙事和主题两方面进行解读。

关键词: 存在主义   精神自由   独立
The Analysis of Existentialism in The French                       Lieutenant’s Woman

 Abstract

John Fowls is one of the most prominent contemporary British writers, whose fame is largely based on his novel, The French Lieutenant's Woman. This novel talks about the protagonists, Sarah and Charles, who try to shake off social constraints, struggle to acquire their freedom and independence. It is an excellent postmodern fiction and its creation is heavily influenced by existential philosophy, especially, Sartre's existentialism. From the narration aspect, Fowls not only pursues the freedom of  writers, readers, and the characters, through the writing technique of postmodern narrating, but also explores the existential freedom of human beings through the protagonist's free choices and actions.
Efforts have been made in this thesis to approach the novel with existential philosophy, particularly Sartre existentialism. Existentialism is a huge and unbelievable complicated system and this thesis is based only on some of the basic ideas of Sartre philosophy, such as Sartre's existential literary view, the human anguish, the relationship with other people, and free choices and actions. Therefore, the existentialism will be adopted to interpret the novel from two aspects, the narratives and theme.

 
Key words: Existentialism,   Spiritual freedom,   Independence.

 

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