从喜剧的角度谈《傲慢与偏见》中简奥斯汀的女性意识
简•奥斯汀(1775-1817)被公认为世界文学史上最伟大的女作家之一。她的作品以女性特有的细致入微的观察力和活泼风趣的文字以及忠诚于女性自身的生活经验和感受真实地描绘了她周围世界的小天地。简•奥斯汀作品的艺术魅力不仅以小见大，以细见广，更是以朴实、幽默的语言将日常平凡生活中平凡人物的生活描绘的有声有色。小说《傲慢与偏见》是简•奥斯汀深受欢迎的一部力作，作品格调轻松诙谐，富有喜剧性冲突，充分显示了她的喜剧天赋。简•奥斯汀以敏锐的女性视角将长期处于边缘和劣势地位的女性展现在人们的视野内，不再局限于男性所认可和感兴趣的范围内。
这本著作主要通过描写富有鲜明性格特点的人物，表达了自己对女性生存现状的关注，可以说，简•奥斯汀在文学界完全可以称得上是女性运动的先行者之一。本文试图通过不同的角度对作品进行解读，重新认识这位伟大的女性作家。
文章的第一部分主要介绍《傲慢与偏见》的作者简奥斯汀，她代表着英国小说的进步，她的作品值得我们的进一步的深入研究。她的生活环境对她的创作有一定的影响，所以论文从她的生活环境和教育背景入手，以及对时代背景对其作品创作的影响，进一步解读为什么她选择喜剧的方式来对自己的女性意识进行表达。
文章的第二部分试图让大家对《傲慢与偏见》有更深层次的了解，作为融现实主义与喜剧精神于一体的女性作家，奥斯汀以女性的独特心理与视角，一方面细致逼真的再现了她所处的社会、时代、环境的生活面貌；另一方面以她对人性的体悟，采取为当时读者所接受的喜剧形式嘲讽了男权主义至上的社会现状。
文章的第三部分主要介绍了女性意识的产生以及其产生的背景。女性意识在奥斯汀作品中主要表现在对文中人物的塑造上，蕴藏在人物的对话中。
文章的第四部分，是论文的核心部分，在这部分主要介绍了论文的喜剧创作形式，在男权的时代下，对于表达女性意识的作品创作无疑带来巨大的压力，简•奥斯汀以自己幽默的触角将男性不易接受的女性意识通过喜剧的形式呈现在他们面前，会更加容易被大众所接受。在小说《傲慢与偏见》中，奥斯汀以活泼，幽默的风格使女性意识低调的渗透到艺术创作中，慢慢融入人们的生活，被大众熟知和接受。在父权至上的时代，奥斯汀用这样一部作品来对抗男权主义，没有那么大张旗鼓，力道刚刚好，即可以使她免去流言蜚语的责难，又不失力道的表达了自己的看法。在文章中，她着重刻画了几位具有代表性的人物，分别是伊丽莎白，达西先生，柯林斯，和班内特老爷。通过对人物喜剧性的刻画，表达了奥斯汀自身那种不太尖锐的女性意识正在慢慢觉醒，奥斯汀可以被称作是女性意识觉醒的先行者。
使一部作品成为经典名著，不是评论家们的交口赞誉、教授们的阐述研究、用作学校里的教科书，而是使一代又一代的众多读者在阅读这部作品中得到的愉悦，受到启迪，深受教益。其作品稳步上升的声誉证实了她身为一名伟大的作家的价值。关于对简奥斯汀是不是女权主义,评论界一直争执不下，但是我认为她的这部文学作品中的思想意识为女性意识的觉醒无疑起到推波助澜的作用，加快了女性意识觉醒的脚步。
关键词：喜剧，女性意识，《傲慢与偏见》，简•奥斯汀
Abstract
Jane Austen (1775-1817), an English novelist, is regarded as one of the greatest women writer in the world. Her work describes the picture of the true world with feminine meticulous observation, lively and humorous words, and loyal to their own life experiences and feelings. The delicate description of the characters may take readers to the quiet and easy village life. Pride and Prejudice is the most popular masterpiece among Jane Austen’s novels, her work style is relaxed and humorous and full of comic conflicts, fully display her comedy. Jane Austen writes from a female’s perspective, and let the low status of women’s life be shown in people’s field of vision which is no longer confined to the male recognition. It is a realistic novel which reflects the real English village life during which it was a wealth and male-dominated word.
This work mainly describes the distinctive characters which expressed her concern about the survival situation of women. As it were, Jane Austen can be called one of the pioneer of women’s movement in the literature.
The first part of the thesis, the introduction opens up the author’s brief introduce, Jane Austen stands for so much in the development of English fiction that the nature of her genius and the intention in her works needs further study. Her living environment influenced her writing style. She lived in feudal social, in her work had reflected the social background.
The second part is mean to let the reader understand the story of Pride and prejudice. The surface and interplay of irony and wit has made her novels to appear pleasing and entertaining. Her work style is more lightly, lively, vivid. However, as a female realistic writer, Jane Austen stands for so much in the development of feminist.
The third part of the thesis mainly introduces the cause of female consciousness and it arises in which case. The female consciousness in Austen’s works mainly reflects in the shaping of the characters, and hidden in the character’s dialogue.
The forth part is the core of this thesis, it reveals Austen’s female consciousness thought through analyzing the characters in Pride and Prejudice. The thesis probes into the specific technique ---Austen’s style of using dialogues to create theatrical effects and the creation of caricatures and fools with irony. Comic senses, big ones and small ones appear frequently in the novel. The main part of thesis is divided into four chapters.
The last part is conclusion. Austen’s detailed observation of the world, her depiction of the real women and men in their life experience and emotional world in such an objective attitude, and her pondering over the relationship between women and men are still the main concerns of the modern world.
The works become a classic, not only rely on praise with one by one, professor’s expound and study or used as a textbook in school, but also it is wide-ranging read from generation to generation, and they can obtain in this work. The work gradual and steady reputation has proven her value as a great novelist which has been under dispute whether Jane Austen is a feminism person, but I think her literary express ideology will undoubtedly play a role to speed up the pace of the awakening of women’s consciousness.
Key words: comedy, female consciousness, Pride and Prej
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