麦田里的守望者—探究美国垮掉一代的成长之路
美国作家杰罗姆•戴维•塞林格的长篇小说《麦田里的守望者》被称为美国20世纪文学的“现代经典”。本文通过对霍尔顿的人物性格的分析，旨在阐明霍尔顿在成长过程中经历迷茫与挫折之后并没有向社会妥协，而是通过对自然、对他人、对人生的思考，探寻着生存的意义。霍尔顿处在青春期这一人生重要的转折阶段，然而他却无法摆脱童年经历对他的影响，痛苦的回忆不会消失，而是被压抑到潜意识当中。没有同伴的理解，又无成人的呵护和指导，他的精神世界变得空虚、孤独、焦虑与疯狂。在纽约街头游荡的三天经历中，他看清了成人世界的庸俗与堕落。无论是校内还是校外，“假模假式”的虚伪无处不在。因此他表现出一种极端的叛逆与反抗。妹妹菲苾对他的爱唤起了他对世界的重新认识，使他摆脱了压抑的情感，恢复了自我的自由和心灵的解放。霍尔顿想成为一名麦田里的守望者，其幻想表达了他对成长的渴望，对美好世界的追寻，这意味着他重新认识了自我与社会，实现并完成了从少年向成人的转变。霍尔顿的矛盾心理反映了美国五十年代青少年成长的特点,以及美国青少年的心态。
关键词：霍尔顿；人生；守望者；成长;青少年
Abstract
American writer Jerome David Salinger's novel The Catcher in the Rye is called "modern classic" of the 20th century American literature. The novel is quite popular among readers, especially young Americans. The protagonist of the novel, the disturbed Holden Caulfield, also became a legendary figure, and his acute adolescent awareness became synonymous with the sensitivity of a great many young Americans. This paper makes analysis of Holden’s image and probes into his journey to maturity in his adolescent stage. The hero Holden does not get rid of shadow of his childhood experiences and still endures his painful memories which are repressed to the subconsciousness. Without adult care and guidance, he is filled with emptiness, loneliness, anxiety and madness. In the three-day experience of wandering the streets of New York, he sees vulgarity and depravity of the adult world. Whether he is on or off campus, "phony" hypocrisy is everywhere. So he shows an extreme rebellion and revolt. Owing to Phoebe evoking his love for his new understanding of the world, he has got rid of pent-up emotions, restored the freedom and liberation of his soul. The fantasy that Holden want to be a Catcher in the Rye, has expressed his desire for growth, the pursuit of a better world. He has a new realization of himself and society, and completes the transition from juvenile to adult in his spiritual journey. Holden’s puzzlement reflects the characteristics of the growth of young people in the fifties in the United States and presents the American youth's mentality during that age.
Key words: Holden; life; Catcher; growth; young people
*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】
