从《爱玛》中解读简•奥斯汀的反讽艺术

简•奥斯丁是18世纪英国文坛的一颗明星，也是那个时代理性主义写作风格的代表。奥斯汀的小说出现在19世纪初叶，一扫风行一时的假浪漫主义潮流，继承和发展了英国18世纪优秀的现实主义传统，为19世纪现实主义小说的高潮做了准备。以独特的视角展现了反讽手法在文学作品中的运用。作为世界上最伟大的讽刺小说家之一，简•奥斯汀的作品具有很强的反讽性，其小说反讽手法形式比较丰富，因此反讽被认为是其小说的代表特征。奥斯汀利用优良的艺术感觉，创作一些经典的具有反讽风格的艺术作品，小说《爱玛》是简•奥斯汀的代表作品，她在小说中运用大量反讽语言，形成了小说独有的反讽艺术，同时也展示了奥斯汀的语言天赋和驾驭力。本文将以《爱玛》为题材，从言语反讽，情景反讽，结构反讽，戏剧反讽四个方面对小说中作者的反讽艺术进行分析，从而体会语言的独特风格。

关键词：简•奥斯汀   《爱玛》   反讽艺术
On the Art of Irony in Jane Austen’s Emma

Abstract

Jane Austen is a star in British literature in the 18th century she is also a representative of rationalism style of writing at that era. Austen’s novel appeared in the early 19th century her novels went to sweep off the tide of romanticism. At the same time, her inheritance and development of the 18th century outstanding realistic tradition paved the way for the 19th century realism climax. With a unique perspective she showed the application of irony in her writing. As one of the world's greatest novelist in satire, Jane Austen's works have a strong irony, which is rich in its forms. So irony is considered to be the representative characteristics of her novels. Austen uses excellent artistic feeling creates some classic irony style works of art, and the novel Emma as the representative work of Jane Austen. She uses lots of irony in the novel, forming an unique art of irony. At the same time it shows Austen's language talent and command of language. This thesis will take Emma as the subject, and tries to analyze the art of irony in the novel from four aspects, i.e. verbal irony, situational irony, structural irony and dramatic irony, thus summarizing its unique language style of Emma.

Key words: Jane Austen,   Emma,   Art of irony 

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