评伊坦弗洛美的悲剧命运
《伊坦•弗洛美》不仅是美国小说家伊迪斯•华顿最广为人知的一部中篇小说，而且是华顿被翻译最多的作品，这部小说确立了她在美国文学史上地位。
《伊坦•弗洛美》不同于华顿的其他作品，她首次成功地描述了底层人民的生活和他们复杂的情感世界。《伊坦•弗洛美》以其悲剧色彩而著名，反映了人面对自然，面对世界，面对人生苦难的某种终极思考。本文分别从社会因素，地理因素以及主人公性格上的缺陷三个方面进行系统分析，从而来探讨导致伊坦•弗洛美悲剧命运的多种原因。
本论文分为五部分：第一部分是引言，介绍作品的文学地位及一些评论家对此部小说的评论，从而引出本课题的研究目的和选题意义，简要说明论文的文章结构和布局；第二部分从社会因素分析伊坦的悲剧命运，包括工业化发展的背景和清教主义影响两个方面；第三部分从地理因素分析，主要从闭塞和贫穷两方面说明；第四部分从伊坦的孤僻和懦弱的性格缺陷进行分析；第五部分总结全文，并通过对主人公性格的剖析，揭示心理健康的重要，从而呼吁社会加强对青少年心理健康的关注。
关键词： 伊坦•弗洛美； 社会因素； 地理环境； 性格缺陷
Abstract
Ethan Frome is Edith Wharton’s most well-known novelette as well as the most translated work, which build a solid foundation for Ethan’s American literature career. Ethan Frome is different from the works she wrote before. For the first time, she successfully wrote the life of low class and its complex emotional world.
Ethan Frome is famous for its tragic color, reflecting people’s ultimate thinking when they face the nature, the world and the hardship in life. By analyzing the social factors, the consequences of the geographic condition and the flaw in Ethan’s character, this dissertation aims to analyze the factors for Ethan Frome’s tragic fate from different perspective.
The dissertation includes five parts. The first part gives a brief introduction, introducing the literature position of the novelette, some critics’ comments on Ethan Frome, the aim of the study, the significance of the dissertation, and the structure of the dissertation. The second part analyzes Ethan’s tragedy from the social factors. This part includes the development of industrialization and the influence of Puritanism. The third part is the consequence of geographic condition, which consists of poverty and the isolation. The forth part will analyze Ethan’s character from the loneliness and the cowardice. The fifth part is the conclusion. By analyzing Ethan’s eccentric character, this dissertation will show the importance of keeping psychological healthy, to which the society should pay attention.
Key Words: Ethan Frome; social factors; geographic condition; the flaw of character
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