《绿字的研究》中独特的叙事悬念

尼尔盖曼是近年来在欧美开始盛行的后现代作家，被《文学传记辞典》列为十大后现代作家之一。他的作品想象力丰富，语言幽默诙谐，情节离奇诡异，充满了对人性的深切关怀和对人类命运的追寻，戏仿、反讽、拼贴的后现代主义叙事手法更是让他的作品充满了后现代主义色彩。然而，尼尔盖曼和他的作品，在国内尚未引起太多关注。《绿字的研究》是尼尔盖曼对侦探故事的首次尝试，它的故事戏仿了柯南道尔的《血字的研究》，并且援引了H.P.洛夫克拉夫特所创作的克苏鲁神话体系，结局是对传统侦探小说惯有结局的颠覆，是一部不可多得的优秀的反侦探小说。本文试图运用叙事学探析《绿字的研究》中独特的悬念设置，主要通过研究《绿字的研究》的叙事视角、叙事时间、对话引领的悬念，《绿字的研究》的后现代叙事悬念以及和《血字的研究》的互文性悬念，从而达到探析尼尔盖曼作品的艺术价值的目的。

关键词：叙事悬念；反侦探小说；后现代主义；互文性；尼尔•盖曼

The Unique Narrative Suspense in “A Study in Emerald”

Abstract: As one of the most popular postmodern writers in recent western countries, Neil Gaiman and his works have not been researched or even introduced a lot in our country. His works have comprehensive themes, including both the exploring of the information age and the searching of the significance of death. “A Study in Emerald” is an anti-detective fiction which has many characteristics of post-modernism. As a meta-fiction of “A Study in Scarlet”, “A Study in Emerald” not only has classical narrative suspense, but also have postmodern narrative suspense and the intertextuality suspense of “A Study in Scarlet”. The using of postmodernism techniques such as parody, irony and collage made the work more wonderful and interesting. The similarities and difference of the background, characters and the plots created unique suspense and got unexpected effect. This paper used the Narratology to explore the unique narrative suspense of “A Study in Emerald”. By researching the classical narrative suspense, the postmodern narrative suspense and the intertextuality suspense with “A Study in Scarlet”， explore the artistic value of Neil Gaiman’s work.

Keywords: Narrative suspense; Anti-detective fiction; Postmodernism; Intertextuality; Neil Gaiman

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