从功能对等理论视角浅析中国现代散文英译
美国著名翻译理论家尤金•奈达的功能对等理论的核心就是，脱离原文语言结构的束缚并尽力保持原文的意义和风格，并且能让目标语读者能够真正“欣赏”译文。而散文则正需要读者的欣赏能力。就散文与此翻译理论的共同点而言，本文作者认为功能对等理论可能是散文翻译的最好指南。因此本文选取了张培基先生的《英译中国现代散文选》中的典型例子，并阐释功能对等理论在现代散文翻译中的具体应用。
本文针对功能对等理论的四个方面分别给出了相应的例子，由此可看出功能对等理论在散文翻译中的重要性。本文接着由重要性过渡到如何合理运用该理论翻译中国现代散文。由于种种限制因素，文中只给出了三点建议。
论文第一章简介了散文的特点和功能对等理论的特点，以期表现出它们之间的共同点。第二章着重对照中英文本，主要分析了词汇对等、句法对等、篇章对等和文体对等，并给出了相应的例子。第三章对于如何将功能对等理论合理运用于中国现代散文英译，给出了三点建议，并具体列出了三个技巧。第四章对全文作出了总结，主要包括对论文的总结和对论文局限性和未来研究方向作出相关解释。
关键词：功能对等理论，中国现代散文，汉英翻译
A Brief Analysis of C-E Translation of Modern Chinese Essays from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory
Abstract: Eugene A. Nida, the famous American translation theorist, put forward the functional theory, the core concept of which is that translators should free from the form of the source text and try to preserve the original style, and make the receptor really enjoy and appreciate the translation. Essays are made for readers’ appreciation. Based on this common point, the writer of the thesis believes that the Functional Equivalence Theory can be the most suitable guidance to the translation of the essays. And thus the paper expounds on the application of the Functional Equivalence Theory in the translation of modern Chinese essays, with typical selected examples from Selected Modern Chinese Essays by Mr. Zhang Peiji.
The paper lists the corresponding examples of the four aspects of the functional equivalence, from which the importance of the Functional Equivalence Theory in the translation of essays can be seen. Then the paper begins to discuss how to apply the theory into the C-E translation of modern Chinese essays. With various confinements in writing the paper, three suggestions are given in this paper.
In Chapter One, the paper introduces the characteristics of essays and the functional theory in order to trace the common point between them. In Chapter Two, the paper conducts the comparison between Chinese and English versions, including word equivalence, sentence equivalence, structure equivalence and style equivalence and their corresponding examples. Chapter Three is about the suggestions about reasonable employment of Functional Equivalence Theory in the translation of modern Chinese essays, including three suggestions and three skills. In Chapter Four, conclusions are made here, including the conclusion of the whole paper and the limitation of the study and suggestions for future research.
Key Words: Functional Equivalence Theory; Modern Chinese Essays; C-E Translation
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