宗教文化对英汉习语的影响

The Influences of Religious Cultures on Chinese and English Idioms
摘  要

宗教是人类社会发展到一定历史阶段出现的一种文化现象，它是人类社会最原始的文化,是人类智慧的最初结晶体。宗教在社会的各个层次上影响着人类的社会行为，其中也包括语言。而习语是语言在不断发展变化的过程中诞生的一种具有特色的语言形式，从广义上来说，习语是指那些通常在一起使用，有固定格式的语言形式，它包括固定词组、谚语、俗语、引语、以及格言等等，在通常情况下其蕴含的意义不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。习语在体现语言的文化差异上比其他的语言成分更具备典型性、代表性。研究习语背后的文化内涵在跨文化交际、语言的学习过程中都具有非常重要的意义。本文以此为视角探讨西方基督教文化同英语习语、东方佛教文化、道教文化与汉语习语的内在联系，选题原因如下：第一，中国的佛教文化和道教文化是中国宗教文化的代表，而基督教文化是欧美大多数国家的宗教文化代表，他们独具特色，但是在如何影响习语的角度上又有所类似；第二，在全球化的趋势越来越明显的时候，学习中西方的文化差别有利于我们更好的进行跨文化交流；第三，作为中国的研究者来说，我们对本国文化有广泛而深入的了解，更加有利于探索深层次的影响因素。本文从以上三点出发，从而剖析中西方宗教信仰差异，揭示英汉习语的文化内涵，从而增进英语学习者对英汉习语的理解和掌握，并为跨文化交流做出贡献。
关键词：  习语；  圣经；  佛教；  基督教,  文化差异。

Abstract

Religion is the important component of human beings’ ideology. It is the original culture of human society. The influences of religions on a society are reflected not only in its concepts of ethics and philosophical thinking but also in language. Idiom is a sort of particular linguistic forms forming in the development process of language, while from broad sense, idiom includes fixed phrases, proverbs, sayings, quotations, and aphorisms. In the reflection of cultural differences, idioms are more typical and more representative than any other language ingredients. This paper tries to discuss the relations between western Christianity and English idioms, between oriental Buddhism culture and Taoism culture and Chinese idioms. The reasons why I chose his topic are as follows: first, the Buddhism and Taoism cultures of China and the Christianity culture in western countries are the two representatives in each area, they have a lot of differences, but on how they influences their idioms, they have some common points; second, as the trend of globalization become quicker and quicker, it is beneficial for us to make cross-culture communications; third, as a researcher, the author holds an extensive and profound understanding to our native culture, and it is easy to explore some further factors from the daily accumulation. This paper starts from the three points above and thus reveal the culture connotations in the idioms and promote English learners to understand and grasp idioms，and it makes contributions for cross-cultural communications.
Key words:  idioms,  religious culture,  Buddhism,  Christian,  culture differences

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