社会稳定风险评价在征地拆迁决策中的影响分析

摘要
随着我国经济的飞速发展，城市化步伐日益加快，政府为了市政规划而进行的征地拆迁活动日渐频繁。征地和拆迁在全国各个城市如火如荼地展开，但由于我国法律体制尚不完善，对于个人利益和公共利益的界定和保护力度不够，由此产生的社会问题也越来越多。随之而来的征地拆迁纠纷所造成的严重社会问题引起了全社会和学术界的广泛关注。城市征地拆迁纠纷是指在城市建设征地拆迁过程中，征地拆迁当事人对土地征用、房屋搬迁、补偿形式、补偿金额、安置方式、安置地点、拆迁方式和过渡期限等经协商达不成协议而产生的争议。本文首先明确了社会稳定风险内涵，然后阐述了社会稳定风险评价作为独立风险评价制度存在的重要意义，对征迁风险评价的必要性、影响因素、分析方法、评价内容与避免风险的常见注意事项进行了初步探讨。针对现行征地风险评价制度中多以土地管理部门为责任主体，以群众或专家意见作为风险评价结果，在实践中存在评价主体不明、功能定位不清、评价程序不科学等问题，建议从明确征地风险评价定位、完善征地风险评价体系和优化征地评价程序三方面规范征地风险评价制度。建立健全征地冲突风险评价配套机制与监管机制，提高其操作的科学性，以期对处于探索阶段的社会稳定风险评价实践提供一定的借鉴和指导。

关键词：征地拆迁  社会稳定风险 评价机制

Analysis of the Influence on the Social Stability Risk Evaluation to the Decision of Land Expropriation and Resident Relocation
Abstract
Along with the fast development of China’s economy, the steps of city constructions turn rapidly day by day, and at the meantime, land expropriation and residents relocation conducted by the government become more and more frequently. Land acquisition and demolition expands quickly in many cities．Because of the limitation in our law system, the definition and protection between private interest and public interest are far from adequacy, and more and more social problems come forth. The disputes and serious social problems happened in the process causes the whole society and the academia’s widespread concern. The disputes of land acquisition and demolition in cities is mean no agreement of land acquisition, housing relocation, the j form of compensation, the amount of compensation, resettlement, relocation sites, removal mode and transitional periods in the negotiation process．Firstly, this paper introduces the connotation of social stability risk, then expounds the important significance of the existence of social stability risk assessment as independent risk assessment system, and the necessity, factors, analysis method, evaluation content and the common considerations of avoiding risk are also preliminarily discussed. According to the current land expropriation risk assessment system of land management department shouldering the main responsibility, and the masses or expert advice as risk assessment results, there are some problems in practice, such as that the evaluation body is unknown, function orientation is unclear, and the evaluation routine is not scientifically and so on. It is advisable to explicit the orientation of land expropriation risk assessment, to improve requisition risk assessment system and to optimize the land expropriation assessment process in order to standardize land expropriation risk assessment system. This article encourage to establish and perfect the land expropriation conflict risk assessment mechanism and supervision mechanism, and improve the scientification of the operation of it, so as to provide certain reference and guidance for the practice of social stability risk assessment on exploratory stage.

Keywords: Land expropriation and residents relocation; Social stability risk; Evaluation mechanism

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