从人际沟通角度看奥巴马就职演讲的语言特点及启示
演说是演讲者面对广大听众发表的口头演讲,这决定了它在文体风格方面与其它的体裁会有所不同。为了获得听众的认可和支持,演讲者必须掌握沟通技巧,和听众建立良好的人际关系。奥巴马就职演讲被认为是经典之作,是人际沟通的良好素材。该演讲能取得如此巨大的成功,得到国内外媒体的高度评价,除了奥巴马对当前国内外面临经济政治形势的精辟总结并给人民以信心,他所运用的具有人际意义的沟通手段和修辞手法更是不可忽视的原因。
因此,在历来的研究基础上,文章从奥巴马就职演讲中的人际意义作为切入点,有针对性地对该演讲中的人际沟通方法进行归纳整理。同时从语气、情态、人称和评价四个角度分析奥巴马就职演讲所蕴含的人际意义。在此基础上,分析奥巴马就职演讲的修辞结合归纳整理出的人际意义特点,总结出奥巴马就职演讲中人际意义的体现方式。最后,通过人际意义指导下的分析,针对不同修辞手法对人际意义体现的影响,进一步分析奥巴马的就职演讲。模仿他的表达方式和演讲中人际意义的体现方式,在今后撰写演讲稿方面以启发,做出更优秀的演讲,并能在演讲中实现人际意义,并以此希望能够有助于引导读者从一个新的视角来欣赏这篇就职演讲,也为读者能够更好的理解奥巴马就职演讲的魅力提供帮助。
关键词: 奥巴马就职演说 修辞 人际意义
An Analysis of the Language Characteristics and Enlightenment of the Inaugural Speech by Barack Obama with an Interpersonal Communication Approach
Abstract: A speech is an oral presentation which is published by the speaker to the general audience that determines its style will vary with other genres. In order to obtain the approval and support of the audience, the speaker must master communication skills, establish good interpersonal relationship with listeners. Obama’s inaugural speech becomes classic and good materials for interpersonal communication. Obama’s inaugural speech is able to achieve such great success, highly praised by the media all around the world, not only benefits from incisive summary of current economic and political situation at home and abroad, but also from the interpersonal and rhetoric means behind it.
Therefore, on the basis of former research results, the author takes the interpersonal meaning of Obama’s inaugural speech as research focus, trying to analyze and summarize the features of interpersonal meaning from tone, modality, person and evaluation aspects. Then I summarize the features of language characteristics in Obama’s inaugural speech. At last, I analyze Obama’s inaugural speech in a further step according to different rhetorical devices affect interpersonal meaning in different degrees, we can imitate his expression in some degree, make our own speeches and presentations more attractive, and realize the interpersonal meaning in our own speeches. All in all, this paper hopes to lead readers to appreciate Obama’s inaugural speech from a new perspective and help readers understand the charm of Obama’s inaugural speech.
Key words: Obama’s inaugural speech; Rhetoric; Interpersonal meaning