家族企业传承与发展中职业经理人的激励研究——基于双因素理论与现代管家理论的融合
中国经济的转型和发展使得一种新的经济形式——民营企业在中国市场经济中发挥了日益重要的作用。目前我国300万家民营企业中，超过60%的企业是家族企业。在当前的市场形势与经济浪潮下，民营企业（家族企业）的发展正处于一个困难的时期。一方面，外部市场竞争的加剧与经济的转型使得民营企业外部正面临一个市场资金与技术受限，市场出现萎缩的一个局面。另一方面，民营企业，尤其是家族企业其内部正面临着一个管理人员代际更替、管理人员受限的一个局面。以上两方面因素使得传统的民营企业经营与发展难度增大，被市场淘汰的风险日益提升。因此，引进并使用具有丰富管理经验与科学管理技术、同时兼具有良好职业道德的职业经理人是建立符合当前市场经济要求的现代企业的必然选择。而如何吸引、引入与激励职业经理人最大程度发挥其经营与管理能力，为企业创造更高的价值也是当前家族企业关注问题的重点。
本文在相关激励理论的基础上，客观分析了当前我国家族企业引入与激励职业经理的必要性，并就当前阶段我国家族企业职业经理人的激励现状进行分析，找出其中的问题。同时，本文结合职业经理人自身对于激励需求的特点，就完善当前激励机制给出一些建议，建立起一个完整的新型激励机制。从而实现家族企业与职业经理人的双赢局面。
关键字：家族企业 职业经理人 激励机制
Abstract: As the transformation and development of China’s economy, a new economical style---private enterprise is playing an increasingly important role in Market Economy of China. At present, among China’s 3 million private company, there are more than 60% of enterprises are family businesses. In the current market situation and economic tide, the development of private (family) businesses are falling into a tough period. One side, the fierce external market competition and economic transformation make the private companies facing a shrink market in which the capital and technology are limited. Another side, the private company, especially the family company is facing a phase, their internal administrators are in intergenerational replacement and the management efficiency is limited. Those two factors make the traditional family companies are hard to sustain operation and development, and the risk of be eliminated by the market is increasing. Therefore, introducing and using professional managers who have rich management experiences、scientific management techniques, and good work ethics is a necessarily choice to establish a modern enterprise which according with the requirements of market economy. And the question of how to attract、introduce and drive the professional managers ,thereby let them exert their operations and management capabilities to create a higher value for the enterprise is the key point for family companies.
On the basis of relevant theories on motivation, the article objective analysis the necessity of family business’s introducing and inspirations of professional managers in our country, and analyzes the professional managers’ incentive situation of the family business in current phase. Finding out the problems between its situations. At the same time, combining professional managers’ own characteristics of incentive demands, the article gives some suggestion, in order to improve the excitation mechanism. Then to create win-win between family company and professional managers.
Key words: family company (business) professional managers incentive mechanism
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