幼儿告状行为与教师反应策略的研究

本研究采用质的研究方法，通过现场观察、访谈等收集资料，对发生在幼儿园内幼儿告状行为进行了概念界定和类型分析，并对这种告状行为进行了形成原因考察和分析。告状，从社会心理学角度说，指人与人之间发生某种冲突、矛盾而不能自行化解时出现的、借助具有权威的第三方来解决纠纷的一种特有的人际行为。在幼儿告状行为的概念界定部分，幼儿告状行为被定义为:幼儿在自己受到同伴侵犯或发现某种行为与集体规则、教师的某些要求不相符合时，向教师发起的一种互动行为。幼儿告状行为表现形式多种多样，根据幼儿告状行为的动机将幼儿告状行为划分为六大类型:(一)“求助”型告状;(二)“试探”型告状;(三)“表现”型告状;(四)“检举”型告状；（五）“关爱”型告状；（六）“报复”型告状。在教师的反应策略部分，将教师的反应策略划分为不管不问、立即解决、事后谈话、批评、鼓励表扬等各种即时策略。根据策略的性质进一步归纳教师反应策略为三种类型:正向策略、中性策略和负向策略。并在利用幼儿告状行为的教育契机上提出了相应的建议。最后，针对幼儿告状行为、教师反应策略作了相应总结;并对本研究中存在的一些问题进行了反思。

This study used qualitative research methods，Collecting data through on-site observation, interviews, etc. In kindergarten children very fact behavior has carried on the definition and types of analysis, this very fact behavior was investigated and analyzed, including the reasons.Outspoken, From the perspective of social psychology, Refers to some kind of conflict, contradiction between people and not to dissolve in, with the help of authoritative third party to resolve the dispute of a kind of special interpersonal behavior. In young children definition part of credit behavior, Tell on infant behavior is defined as: Children in their peer violation or find some kind of behavior is not consistent with collective rules, teachers of certain requirements fit to teachers launched an interactive behavior. According to tell on infant behavior motivation will tell on infant behavior is divided into six types: (1) Type“help” (2) Type“test” (3)Type“performance”(4) Type“prosecution” (5)Type“caring” (6) Type“revenge”. In the reaction strategy section of the teachers, to teacher's response strategy is divided into whatever don't ask, immediate solutions, talk later, criticism, encouragement, praise, etc all kinds of real-time strategy. Given the nature of strategy further inductive teacher response strategy into three types: positive, neutral and negative strategies. And on the use to tell on infant behavior education opportunity corresponding Suggestions are put forward. Finally, in view of the credit behavior, teachers response strategy for the corresponding summary; This study and some problems existing in the reflection.

关键词：幼儿；告状；反应策略
Keyword: Young children; Outspoken; Response strategy

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