阐释哈姆雷特性格的复杂性

The tragedy of Hamlet is the highest achievement of Shakespeare’s dramatic creation. For a long time, the prince’s revenge complex entangled thousands of his fans’ hearts. Some people say: There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people’s eyes. In fact, for Shakespeare, “the each side of personalities are portrayed most incisive (Goethe)”. Hamlet is Hamlet; Hamlet is the only one. What people see is a kind of character of Hamlet.
The researchers of Shakespeare analyze the reason of Hamlet’s delayed vengeance. Some people think that Hamlet’s own character is the reason; some people blamed the outside obstructive powers. In the author’s opinion, Hamlet’s character is complex and contradictory; the character of Hamlet led him to become a brave hero fighting with evil forces, but it is his character that destined to delay his road of revenge. Based on original works and the study of various comments, this paper tries to explain Hamlet’s character and his sophisticated emotional world and the main cause of his complex character from more than one side.

Key words: Hamlet; Complex; Character

摘要

悲剧《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚戏剧创作的最高成就。长时间以来，王子延宕的复仇情结纠结着万千莎迷的心。有人说：一千个读者眼中有一千个哈姆雷特，其实，对于善于将“全部人格的各个侧面都描绘得淋漓尽致（歌德语）”的莎士比亚而言，哈姆雷特就是哈姆雷特，哈姆雷特只有一个。人们看到的不过是哈姆雷特的某一种性格的某一个侧面而已。
历代莎学研究者对哈姆雷特复仇之路延宕的原因进行了各种分析，有人认为是哈姆雷特自身性格的缺点造成的，有人则将其归咎于现实力量的阻挠。笔者认为，哈姆雷特的性格是复杂而矛盾的，哈姆雷特的性格致使他成为一名勇敢与恶势力斗争的英雄；但也因为他的性格，注定了他复仇之路的延宕。本文在研究原著和各派评论作品的基础上，从多个侧面阐释哈姆雷特的性格特点和他复杂的情感世界以及造成他性格如此复杂的主要原因。

关键词：哈姆雷特；复杂；性格

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