从《乞力马扎罗山的雪》浅析海明威对死亡的探索

The American society at the beginning of the twentieth century was in chaos. The country was stuffed with wars, violence, blood, fear, desperation and death. The loss of belief and the spiritual wasteland made Hemingway’s works shrouded in a shadow of death. The Snows of Kilimanjaro, one of the famous short stories by Ernest Hemingway, reflects the living conditions and mental states of the “Lost Generation’’ and reveals their puzzlement about existence and the constant quest for the meaning of life. The sense of death in this novel was actually Hemingway’s desire and quest for the immortality of life. Although the protagonist Harry died in Kilimanjaro, the corruption of human body not only meant death, but more significantly the rebirth and immortality of soul. To Harry, death became actually inevitable in his fate. In Hemingway’s eyes, the world is originally a very dangerous, no way too hopeful forest, and death behind every tree, beautiful, may at any time is an easy job to take your life. Death always giving fear and hopeless, will be come to every man. As life, death does mean not only hope and the end of everything, but also overriding significance. Hemingway aims to reveal death is the inevitable tragedy of human destiny. Hemingway injected own life circle, with superb writing skills and the artistic style of the individual’s life. Finally, he finds the true meaning of life, and truly realizes the spirit of the immortal in death.

Key words: death; life; immortality; exploration

                   摘要

    20世纪初的美国社会是混乱的。这个国家充斥着战争、暴力、血腥、恐惧、绝望,罪和死亡。信念和精神荒原的丧失，使海明威的作品笼罩在死亡的阴影下。《乞力马扎罗的雪》这部著名的短篇小说反映了海明威这类“迷惘的一代”的生存状况和精神状态,同时也揭示了他们存在的困惑和对生命的不朽追求。死的意义在这部小说，实际上是海明威对生命的渴望和追求不朽。尽管主人公哈里死在乞力马扎罗山上,人体的腐败不仅意味着死亡,但更重要的,也意味着灵魂的重生。对于哈里而言，死亡成了哈里最终的、必然的命运归宿。在海明威的眼里，世界本来就是一个险象丛生,没有出路也投有希望的森林,而死神躲在每一棵树后舰靓着,随时都有可能轻而易举地夺去你的生命。死亡总是会终将如期降临到每一个人的身上，不管你是否愿意还是内心充满恐俱和无奈。作为生命、希望和一切的终结,死亡具有压倒一切的意义。海明威旨在揭示死亡是人类命运不可避免的悲剧性。海明威在作品中注入了自己的生命轨迹，用高超的写作技巧和艺术风格，阐述了个人的生死真谛。笼罩在文章中的死亡阴影也是他对生命的向往和追求。最终，他寻找到了生命的真谛，并且真正在死亡中实现精神的不朽。

关键词: 死亡；生活；不朽；探索

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