从意象角度看中外悼亡诗的不同—以托马斯·哈代和中国四大悼亡诗为例

作为诗人的哈代，所受到的关注远不如作为小说家的哈代，但在西方诗歌史上，哈代的诗歌却同样具有重要的地位，尤其是他为纪念妻子爱玛所作的悼亡诗。虽然哈代所写的悼亡诗与中国四大悼亡诗都以细腻的手笔表达了对亡妻的思念之情，但由于东西方的差异，使这些诗中所呈现的意象各具特点，而且表现手法也不尽相同。本文通过比较几首哈代的“爱玛组诗”与中国四大悼亡诗中所采用的意象和场景描述，分别从文化方面，宗教方面和哲学方面来分析造成这种差别的原因，从而使读者能透过具体实例了解中西方的文化差异。

关键词: 悼亡诗；哈代；爱玛组诗；中国四大悼亡诗；意象
Abstract

Thomas Hardy, as a poet, gets less attention than when he plays as a novelist. However, Hardy’s poetry still plays an important role in the history of Western poetry, especially the Elegiac Poems made by him in honor of his wife, Emma. Although memorial poetry by Hardy and Four Big Elegies in China express the feeling of love for deceased wife, there still remain differences between East and West for they have different cultural backgrounds. This thesis will discuss the differences and the reasons in three aspects—culture, religion, and philosophy, according to comparing a few of poems of Emma Poems and Four Big Elegies in the aspect of image and scene in poetry. As a result, readers can grasp the differences through specific examples.

Key words: Elegy; Thomas Hardy; Emma Poems; Four Big Elegies; Image

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