论《红字》中的象征主义

纳撒尼尔·霍桑的杰作《红字》以其象征手法的巧妙运用被称为美国文学史上第一部象征主义小说。小说以十七世纪严酷的清教统治下的北美为背景，讲述了主人公海斯特·白兰与青年牧师阿瑟·丁梅斯代尔因犯通奸罪而佩戴象征罪恶的红字“A”的爱情悲剧。通过分析代表罪恶的红字“A”对海斯特和丁梅斯代尔的象征意义，以及小说中主要人物名字的象征寓意揭示了清教主义对人的精神摧残，批判了十七世纪资本主义发展时期清教主义的残酷和虚伪自私，同时表达了对美好未来的向往。
关键词: 霍桑；《红字》；象征主义

On the Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter
 
Abstract: The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s masterpiece, is regarded as the first symbolic novel for its wonderful deduction of symbolism. Setting in the 17th century north-America controlled by the cruel Puritan rule, the novel tells a love tragedy that the heroine Hester Prynne is punished to wear a letter “A” which stands for sin because of committing adultery with the young minister Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. This paper analyzes symbolism in The Scarlet Letter from the perspective of the symbolic meaning of letter “A” and names of main characters. Through the analysis of the symbolism in The Scarlet Letter, it aims to expose the mental damage of Puritanism to human beings, criticizes the cruelty, hypocrisy and selfishness of Puritan as well as expresses the longing for a better future.
Key words: Hawthorne; The Scarlet Letter; symbolism

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