宋代书院管理制度分析
书院作为汉族民间的一种特殊的机构和教育组织形式，是我国传统文化遗产中的珍品，并且它在中国教育史上和文化史上已经流传了千年，它对于我国的封建教育乃至以后的高等教育都有至关重要的作用，是中国文化发展的重要辅助和有益补充。唐朝的时候，书院开始发展，在宋代正式确立，并得以制度化和规模化，而且宋代书院是史上最为灿烂繁荣的时期。笔者经过研究，总结出宋代书院得以兴起的原因有这样几个：科举发展迅速，取士规模扩大;朝廷推崇儒术，提倡民间办学；还有最重要的原因是印刷术的发展以及释教禅林的影响。本文主要论述了宋代书院兴起的原因以及研究了宋代书院的管理制度。主要有山长和堂长负责制、师资管理制度、学生管理制度、教学管理制度和经费管理制度。在这之中取其精华，摒弃糟粕，其中精华部分为高等教育提供了借鉴和思考。因此结合现代教育的发展，我们研究宋代书院管理制度对现代教育制度有重要意义。
关键词：宋代书院；管理制度；现代教育制度
Song Dynasty's Academy Management System Analysis
Abstract：Academy as the Han nationality folk a kind of special institutions and education organization, is China's traditional cultural heritage of the treasures, and it in the history of Chinese education and cultural history has been around for one thousand years, its feudal education for our country and even the future of higher education has a vital role, is China's cultural development important auxiliary and beneficial supplement. In song dynasty, the tang dynasty, the college started to develop, formally established, and institutionalized and scale, and the history of song dynasty's academy is the most brilliant period of prosperity. Through research, the writer summarizes the rise of song dynasty's academy have so few: imperial examination has developed rapidly, take and scale; Court esteem, the author advocates the private schools, and the most important reason is the development of printing and the influence of Buddhist monasteries. This paper mainly discusses the song dynasty's academy of reason and study the song dynasty's academy of management system. Mainly there are mountains and long responsibility system, teacher management, student management system, teaching management system and budget management system. In the essence, abandon dross and the essence part of higher education provides the reference and thinking. So combining with the development of modern education, we study the song dynasty academy management system has important significance to the modern education system.
Key words: Song Dynasty's academy ;Management system; The modern education system
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