从《傲慢与偏见》和《德伯家的苔丝》看19世纪英国文学中的女性主义
With the development of British economy in the 19th century and the influence of the Enlightenment, women realizes the importance of independence and equality, they begin to struggle for their rights and freedom. During this period, feminism gradually develops and reaches its first wave and it still has great influence on today's society.
Based on literary works, this thesis will analyze the feminism in Pride and Prejudice and Tess of the D'Urbervilles, so that readers can understand what feminism is, how feminism is reflected in the two literary works, and the influence of feminism in the UK on literary creation in the 19th century. This thesis will be divided into three parts. The first part will focus on the introduction to the definition of feminism, the differences between feminism and feminist consciousness, the characteristics of different feminist schools, the formation and the development of feminism in the UK in the 19th century. The second part will analyze the embodiment of the feminism in the works of Pride and Prejudice and Tess of the D'Urbervilles under the social condition at that time, particular the women’s pursuit of equality and independent personality, such as equality of rights on property, education and love, independent personality in love and family. The third part describes the influences of feminism on literary creation. The influence on literary creation is mainly embodied in the change of traditional literary female images and the development of feminist literature.
Key words: British literature; feminism; Pride and Prejudice; Tess of the D'Urberville
摘 要
随着19世纪英国经济的发展和启蒙运动的影响，妇女意识到独立和平等的重要性，并开始为自己的权利和自由而奋斗。在这段时期内，女性主义逐渐发展并达到第一次浪潮并对今天的社会仍有着十分重要的影响。
本文将以文学作品为依托，分析《傲慢与偏见》和《德伯家的苔丝》中的女性主义，使读者了解女性主义是什么，女性主义在这两部文学作品中是如何体现的，以及19世纪英国的女性主义对文学创作的影响。本文将分为三个部分。第一部分主要介绍女性主义的定义、女性主义与女性意识的差异、不同女性主义流派的特点、19世纪英国女性主义的形成与发展。第二部分将分析在当时的社会条件下在《傲慢与偏见》和《德伯的苔丝》中体现的女性主义，尤其是妇女追求平等和独立的人格。例如，在财产、教育、爱情方面追求权利的平等和在爱情和家庭中的独立人格。第三部分论述了女性主义对文学创作的影响。女性主义对文学创作的影响体现在传统文学中女性形象的变化和女性主义文学的发展中。
关键词：英国文学；女性主义；《傲慢与偏见》；《德伯家的苔丝》
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