自我意识的崛起——女性主义视角下的彩虹分析
The arrival of the twentieth century marked the beginning of a new era. The rapid development of science and technology and the rapid flow of capital,which had brought emotional turmoil and division to people's psychological, meanwhile which also led to the spiritual crisis of modern people. Lawrence keenly felt the predicaments faced by the modern people.
Lawrence is one of the greatest and most influential writers in the history of British literature. In his works, readers can not find the old self, but another unknown to Lawrence. Hence his characters are different from the moderate images in traditional novels, but tend to have two restless and struggle soul: one is the subject consciousness which has been regulated by the social morality, and the other is self consciousness hidden in the heart, which aims to keep the individual independence from the external force. The former is usually the protagonist in traditional novels, which usually represents a kind of harmonious norms which need to be obeyed, while the latter is always blocked behind the speech and can not go on the stage of public discourse. But Lawrence realized that only with the correct attitude to affirm the existence of self consciousness, people can jump out from erroneous impression of traditional moral concept. Thus people can construct a new perspective and examine Lawrence's view on women.
The works of early Lawrence were once controversial and were banned for many years. Until 1950s, F∙R∙Leavis and Harry Moore lifted the revival of Lawrence banner to set off an upsurge of research on Lawrence and his works. Some feminist critics think that the Rainbow performed "matriarchy" maliciously. In The Politic, Kate Millett thinks the first two generations of women in Rainbow is suppressed, they lack of personality, and they were immersed in a wife and mother of traditional life. These criticisms are clearly unfair.
Domestic research on Lawrence and his works started late, and since 1980s, the relevant researches has appeared. For example, in An Ecological Feminist Interpretation of Rainbow, Liao Xiaoxue argued that Lawrence through the contrast before and after the invasion of industrial civilization to express the aspiration for a harmonious relationship between man and nature from ecofeminism perspective (Liao Xiaoxue, 2012:26-27). In The Pursuit of Harmony Between the Sexes ---Rainbow, Zhang Lianqiao studied Lawrence's views on gender relations from the spirit and meat, freedom and trust, equality and respect and so on (Zhang Lianqiao,2008: 26).
In this paper, the writer introduces the concept of self-consciousness and Lawrence's attitude to feminism especially under the backgrounds of the suffragist, the prevalence of feminism and the influence of family at the beginning. Apart from these, Lawrence's attitude to feminism in other works will be mentioned in Sons and Lovers, Lady Chatterley's Lover. Especially in The Rainbow, Lawrence tries to reveal the self-consciousness that deeply depressed in the heart of the characters. It develops from the repression, the awakening to the rising. Last but not least, the writer works for studying the great values of Lawrence's feminism on the liberation of modern women. In the whole thesis, great efforts are made to show a new attainable direction for female self-consciousness and final liberation.
目录
1. Introduction - 1 -
2. Feminine Self-Consciousness and Lawrence's Attitude Toward Feminism - 2 -
2.1 The Concept of Self-Consciousness - 2 -
2.2 Lawrence's Attitude Towards Feminism - 3 -
2.2.1 The Suffragette and the Prevalence of Feminism - 3 -
2.2.2 D. H. Lawrence's Blood Consciousness - 4 -
2.3 Female Self-Consciousiness in Lawrence's Works - 5 -
3. The Development of Feminine Self-Consciousness in The Rainbow - 7 -
3.1 The Repression - 7 -
3.1.1 Tom Brangwen's Growth Process - 7 -
3.1.2 Lydia and Tom : The Fusion of Flesh, the Alienation of the Soul - 8 -
Forster once explains:"Some years after a human being is born, certain changes occur in it, as in other animals, which changes often lead to union with another human being, and to the production of more human beings. And our race goes on" (Forster, 1974: 49). It's formal and necessary for human and other animals. Without the union with women, men will will be nothingness. For this reason, Tom and Lydia come together. People may consider that Tom and Lydia would become a harmonious couple. - 8 -
3.2 The Awareness - 10 -
3.2.1 Anna Brangwen's Growth Process - 11 -
3.2.2 Anna and Will :Mutual Possession of Body and Soul - 12 -
3.3 The Rising - 14 -
3.3.1 Ursula Brangwen's Growth Process - 14 -
3.3.2 The Struggle for Self-Development - 15 -
4. The Foresight of Female Self-Consciousness - 18 -
4.1 Pursuit of Independence and Equality Between the Sexes - 18 -
4.2 The Establishment of Harmonious Relationship - 19 -
5. Conclusion - 21 -
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