论侵害声音的法律责任

《民法典》的颁布在我国法治化进程中具有里程碑意义，而其中有关声音权益保护的内容值得关注。声音作为重要的人格要素，随着社会和时代的发展，被赋予了越来越多的含义和价值，同时在保护声音权益，明确有关法律责任的过程中也出现了许多的问题亟待解决。本文通过分析声音的基本概念和特征，以及归纳总结现有法律对声音的保护途径，结合《民法典》的有关规定，分析声音侵权责任的构成要件、归责原则，探讨声音立法中存在的问题，提出妥善解决问题的初步建议，并进一步展望未来声音权益法律保护途径的完善和发展。
关键词：声音权益；人格权；肖像权；声音商标

On the Legal Responsibility of Violating voice
ABSTRACT
The promulgation of the "Civil Code" has become a milestone in the process of my country's legal system, and the voice right were an important issue long before the establishment of the "Civil Code", and the significance of protecting the rights of voice was further embodied through legislation. voice, as an important personality element, has been given a deeper meaning and more meaning and value with the development of society and the times. Therefore, the issue of legal liability caused by infringement of voice is worth discussing. At the same time, while clarifying the legal liability for infringement of voice, many obstacles and problems have also appeared, which need to be resolved and discussed urgently. This article analyzes the basic concepts of voice and the ways of protection of voice by law, combined with the relevant provisions of the Civil Code, analyzes the concept of legal liability for voice infringement, constitutional elements, and principles of liability, discusses the problems in voice legislation, and proposes preliminary Suggestions and further look forward to the development of related fields in the future.
Key Words:  Voice Rights; Personality Rights ;Portrait rights ;Voice Mark

目  录

一、 声音的概念、特征和保护意义 1
（一）声音的概念 1
（二）声音的特征 1
（三）保护声音的意义 2
二、 我国声音侵权与法律保护的现状 3
（一）我国声音侵权的现状 3
（二）我国对声音的法律保护现状 4
1.声音商标的保护 4
2.人格利益的保护途径 4
四、我国现行法对声音保护的不足 5
（一）声音为法益而非权利 5
（二）法律的适用存在冲突 5
（三）侵权责任的构成要件不具体 6
（四）声音侵权的主客体难以认定 6
五、完善声音侵权责任的建议 7
（一）确立声音权 7
（二）正确地适用法律 8
（三）明晰侵权责任的构成 8
（四）明确侵犯声音权益的主客体 9
结语 10

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