论刑事诉讼中的公众参与

公众参与，又可以称作社会参与，它起源于20世纪60年代的西方，是一种基于参与式民主理论为基础形成的新民主形式。大约到了20世纪90年代，公众参与的基本理论开始传入我国，学术界也开始对立法、公共决策以及公共治理等层面的公众参与问题进行相关研究。随着公众参与研究的深入获得了较大的发展，公众参与研究的领域逐渐从行政法领域扩大到刑事法领域。公众参与原则逐渐上升为刑事诉讼原则，在刑事诉讼中发挥着日益重要的作用。我国刑事诉讼的立法和司法实践也通过各种制度和措施保证社会公众对刑事诉讼的参与，如辩护和代理制度、陪审制度、公开审判制度等。但是也应当看到，随着公众参与在刑事诉讼中的热情越来越高，我国刑事诉讼中公众参与的观念还没有充分树立，公众参与的有效性和广泛程度与国际标准相比还存在着一定的差距。本文通过分析公众参与在刑事诉讼中的理论和价值基础，进一步结合国内外刑事诉讼中公众参与的现状来针对国内公众参与机制存在的不足提出具体完善建议。
关键词：公众参与；借鉴；不足与完善
On Public Participation in Criminal Procedure
ABSTRACT
Public participation, also known as social participation, originated in the 1960s and is a new form of democracy based on the theory of participatory democracy. In the 1990s, the basic theory of public participation was introduced into China, and the academic circle began to study the issues of public participation at the levels of legislation, public decision-making and public governance. With the further development of public participation research, the field of public participation research has gradually expanded from administrative law to criminal law. The principle of public participation has gradually become the principle of criminal procedure, which plays an increasingly important role in criminal procedure. The legislation and judicial practice of criminal procedure in our country also guarantee the public's participation in criminal procedure through various systems and measures, such as defense and agency system, jury system, open trial system, etc. However, it should also be noted that with the public participation in criminal proceedings more and more enthusiasm, the concept of public participation in criminal proceedings in our country has not been fully established, the effectiveness and the extent of public participation compared with the international standards there is still a certain gap. This paper analyzes the theoretical and value basis of public participation in criminal proceedings, and further combines the current situation of public participation in criminal proceedings at home and abroad to put forward specific suggestions for improving the existing deficiencies of domestic public participation mechanism.
Keywords: Public participation; Reference; Problems and Improvement

 
目 录
一、 公众参与的概述 1
（一）公众参与的概念 1
（二）公众参与的理论基础 1
（三）公众参与的价值基础 2
二、 中外刑事诉讼中公众参与机制比较 3
（一）英美法系中公众参与的规定 3
（二）大陆法系中公众参与的规定 3
（三）我国公众参与的相关规定 4
三、 我国刑事诉讼公众参与现状 5
（一）被害人的知情权不充分 5
（二）被告人的诉权不当受限 5
（三）证人拒不出庭现象严重 6
（四）人民陪审制被虚置 6
四、 我国刑事诉讼中公众参与机制存在的不足与完善 6
（一）存在的不足 6
（二）完善建议 7
 

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