政府管制下“僵尸企业”的现状、原因及对策

随着十八届三中全会提出并通过《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》，供给侧的深化改革也在逐步进行。而解决“僵尸企业”则是供给侧改革过程中不可避免遇到的问题。僵尸企业产量大，效益低，对各地政府都是极大的负担，是深入贯彻落实供给侧改革的重大难题。我国僵尸企业出现的原因较复杂，如工业化的历史遗留问题、地方政府和企业形成利益共同体、地方政府之间的竞争引起企业的恶性竞争和银行对不同类型企业的贷款歧视等。基于此，应从减少政府对企业的干预，坚持政企分离、加强国资委与国企的信息交流，完善国企考核标准、深化国企改革，鼓励良性兼并重组、加强对银行系统的监管，杜绝贷款歧视等方面入手解决僵尸企业效益低，取缔难，破产重组阻碍重重的问题，为深化供给侧改革保驾护航。

关键词：政府管制；僵尸企业；供给侧改革；产能过剩

The Present Situation ,Reason and Countermeasure of Zombie Enterprises Under Government Control
ABSTRACT
With the adoption of the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the deepening of supply-side reform is also taking place step by step. Solving "zombie enterprises" is an inevitable problem in the process of supply-side reform. Zombie enterprises have large output and low benefits, which is a great burden for local governments and a major problem for the in-depth implementation of supply-side reform. The reasons for the emergence of zombie enterprises in China are complex, such as the historical problems left over from industrialization, the formation of community of interests between local governments and enterprises, the vicious competition among enterprises caused by the competition between local governments, and the loan discrimination of banks to different types of enterprises. Based on this, we should reduce the government intervention to the enterprise, insist on the separation of government and enterprises, strengthen the state-owned assets supervision and administration commission and exchange of information in state-owned enterprises, perfect the evaluation criteria, we will deepen reform of the state-owned enterprises and state-owned enterprises to encourage positive merger and reorganization, to strengthen the supervision of the banking system, put an end to loan discrimination of solve the zombie companies benefit is low, outlaw, bankruptcy reorganization difficult problem, to deepen the reform of the supply side.
Keywords: Government regulation; Zombie enterprise; Supply side reform; Over capacity
目 录
一、引言 1
（一）研究背景 1
（二）研究意义 1
二、我国“僵尸企业”的现状分析 2
（一）数据来源 2
（二）“僵尸企业”的现状 2
三、我国“僵尸企业”出现的原因分析 3
（一） 工业化的历史遗留问题 3
（二） 地方政府和企业形成利益共同体 3
（三） 地方政府之间的竞争引起企业的恶性竞争 4
（四） 银行对不同类型企业的贷款歧视 4
四、解决“僵尸企业”问题的对策建议 5
（一） 减少政府对企业的干预，坚持政企分离 5
（二） 加强国资委与国企的信息交流，完善国企考核标准 6
（三） 深化国企改革，鼓励良性兼并重组 6
（四） 加强对银行系统的监管，杜绝贷款歧视 6
参考文献 8

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