黄河三角洲是我国三大河口三角洲之一,面积7418km2，人口160万，海岸线350km，是“环渤海金项链”上重要的一环。黄河三角洲土地辽阔，自然资源丰富，工业发达，商业繁荣，胜利油田主产区就位于黄河三角洲腹地，是国家重要的能源生产基地。一旦遭受破坏性袭击，将产生多种次生灾害，造成严重经济损失。胜利油田的开发已成为国家的经济命脉，有些重要的设施难免跨越断层甚至就建在断层带上。因此，研究黄河三角洲隐伏断裂分布及活动特征，使重要建筑物、构筑物和生命线工程尽量避开活断层，选取较佳位置建设，是保证本区经济可持续性发展的一项重要研究课题。开展黄河三角洲地质特征研究对于黄河三角洲综合事业的发展、区域性规划的制定、土地规划、城市建设规划及基础设施建设等将提供科学的依据。此外，随着黄河三角洲经济的高速发展，开展黄河三角洲地质灾害危险性评价，对预测未来地质灾害的趋势，对该区的减灾、防灾和社会经济可持续发展均具有重要意义。本文分析了黄河三角洲地质灾害的基本规律和时空分布特征，详细论述了该区地震、地面塌陷和地面下降、地裂缝等地质灾害在该区的危险性情况。关键词：黄河三角洲；地质灾害；危险性评价
The Risk Assessment on The Geological Hazard in the Yellow River delta
Abstract
Yellow River delta is one of the three delta area, 7418km2, 1.6 million population, is "the sea coast 350km gold necklace" on important one annulus. Yellow River delta land land, abundant natural resources, the industrial development and prosperity, shengli oilfield areas in the Yellow River delta hinterland, is the national important energy production base. Once suffered multiple destructive attacks, will cause serious secondary disasters, economic losses. Shengli oilfield development has become a national economy, some important facilities across the fault is built in fault and even. Therefore, the study of the Yellow River delta concealed fault activities and distribution characteristics, make important buildings, structures and lifeline project avoid active fault location selection, better construction, this is to guarantee the sustainable development of the economy is an important research topic. In the Yellow River delta geological characteristics of research for the Yellow River delta regional comprehensive development, planning, land use planning, urban construction planning and infrastructure construction and will provide scientific basis. In addition, with the rapid development of economy in the Yellow River delta, in the Yellow River delta geological hazard assessment and prediction of the future trend of geological disasters, disaster prevention and reduction of the sustainable development of economy and society of great significance.
Yellow River delta, this paper analyzed the basic rules of geological disasters and time-space distribution characteristics are discussed in detail, and the earthquake, ground subsidence and the ground fissures, geological hazards, such as in the dangerous situation.
Keywords: the Yellow River delta, Geological disasters, Risk assessment
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