钻井船上游动滑车与大钩间升沉补偿装置设计

摘  要

钻井船面对的是变化无常的海洋，受到海浪、海风、海潮、海流等因素的影响。钻井船处于正常工作状态下时，对石油钻采影响最大的是海浪，升沉补偿装置可以解决由于海洋环境的影响引起的钻井船的上、下运动对钻采设备的损害以及钻采的效率问题，因此钻井船上的升沉补偿装置是保证海洋石油钻采安全有效进行必不可少的装备之一。
论文设计的升沉补偿装置安装在钻井船和钻杆柱之间，以减小海浪所引起的钻井船升沉运动对钻杆柱的影响，达到减小钻杆柱的轴向应力和变形，防止疲劳损坏，减少钻采成本的目的。论文设计了配套的两个液压缸和两个储能器对游动滑车的运动和大钩载荷进行控制，采用气动液压系统来控制液压缸的运动，以保证井底钻压的稳定。论文主要包括总体方案的确定、升沉补偿装置的动力学分析、运动补偿器的结构和参数设计以及气动液压系统的设计四个方面的内容。

关键词：海洋钻井，升沉补偿，游动滑车，大钩
ABSTRACT

 Drilling vessel is facing the vagaries of the sea by the waves, winds, tides, currents and other factors. Drilling vessels in normal working conditions, the impact of oil drilling and production is the biggest waves, heave compensation device can be solved because of the marine environment arising from the impact of the drilling vessel, moving on drilling equipment damage and the efficiency of drilling and production, therefore the drilling vessel heave compensation equipment is to ensure that offshore oil drilling safe and effective for one of the essential equipment.
Papers describes the design of heave compensation device installed in the drill pipe drilling vessels and between columns, to reduce the waves caused by the drilling vessel to heave movement of the drill pipe column, decrease the drill pipe-axial stress and deformation, to prevent fatigue damage, reducing drilling cost. Papers supporting the design of the two hydraulic cylinders and two storage devices for mobile pulley movement and hook load under control, pneumatic hydraulic system used to control the movements of hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the well to ensure the stability of WOB. Papers include the determination of the overall program, Heave compensation device dynamic analysis Motion compensation for the structure and parameters Pneumatic Hydraulic design and system design four aspects.

Keywords: Offshore Drilling, Heave Compensation, Walks Pulley, Hook

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