钻井船天车上的升沉补偿装置设计

摘  要

本设计研究的是钻井船上一种用来消除波浪所引起的升沉运动的补偿装置。
本设计方案中的升沉补偿装置主要包括浮动天车、四个主气缸、两个液缸和惰轮四个部分，其中浮动天车是执行部分，气缸是动力部分，液缸和惰轮是辅助部分。本升沉补偿装置通过天车的升沉运动来补偿船体的升沉运动，使钻头保持相对静止，并且它可以通过调节气压，从而便于钻压的调节。惰轮用来改变钢丝绳和滑轮之间的运动，延长钢丝绳的寿命。
本升沉补偿装置设计方案能够补偿波浪升沉运动，改善了操作及承载条件，大大提高了钻井的工效，而且能够适应海底岩石的变化，并且可以通过调节气液压系统的压力调节阀自动调节钻压及自动钻进尺寸。

关键词：海洋钻采，钻井船，升沉补偿，天车，

ABSTRACT

Design of the drilling vessel is used to eliminate a wave caused by the movement of heave compensation device.
The design of the program heave compensation equipment including floating crane, the main four cylinder, 2 inert liquid cylinder and four round, which is a floating crane operative, is the driving force cylinder, and the inert liquid tank round is a supporting part. Heave the compensation device is the Heave by crane movement to compensate for the ship heave movements, bits remained relatively static, and can adjust the air pressure, thus facilitating WOB adjustments. Idlers to change rope and pulley between the campaign to extend the life of wire rope.
Heave the compensation program to design compensation Heave Wave movement and improve the operation and loading conditions, greatly improved drilling efficiency, but also to adapt to the changes Rock Harbor, by adjusting the hydraulic system of gas pressure regulator valve automatically adjusted WOB and automatic drilling size.

Keywords: Ocean Drilling, Drilling Ship, Heave Compensation, Crownblock
 

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