传统消费方式和超前消费在中美文化中的差异对比

Abstract
    According to the present economic situation that the main features of China's GDP change from export-oriented to consumption-oriented, this article studies on two consuming ways. One is the traditional conservative way of consuming; the other is the excessive consumption. These two contradictory consuming ways were formed due to the different values from people who were born between 1960s-1970s and 1980s-1990s, two generations mainly discussed within this article. By collecting ideas and researching on theories about relevant topics, this paper has found the main reasons for the formation of the traditional conservative way of consuming and the excessive consumption on the basis of Chinese and American culture, together with their respective characteristics listed. It is also concluded that the traditional consuming way benefits individuals but obstructs the development of the economics while the excessive consumption, to some extent, is good for stimulating our country's economics. In spite of some positive functions of consuming, conflicts between consuming and sustainable development have negative effects. Therefore, it has been proposed that people, especially our college students who are the leading consuming groups in the future, not only realize that our consuming ways will certainly have profound influence on our country's economics but form a proper and suitable consuming way for ourselves, for our country, and more important, for our next generation.

【Key Words】 generation influences; traditional consuming ways; excessive consumption; cultural infiltration from America; consuming functions
 
中文摘要
    本文以现时我国国内生产总值从出口主导转向消费主导的经济情形为前提，对传统保守型消费方式和超前消费两者的差异进行研究。因不同年代的消费者持有不同的价值观，导致了他们有着不同的消费方式。通过收集和研究相关的观点与理论，本文作者发现传统消费方式和超前消费形成的主要反映在中美文化差异上的原因，列举这两种消费方式各有的特点，得出结论：传统的消费方式虽然对个人有利但就经济增长而言则是阻碍，而超前消费在一定程度上有利于刺激经济。消费尽管具有一定的积极功能，但它与可持续发展间的冲突也反映出其消极影响。由此，作者提出如下建议：消费者，尤其是我们大学生——未来最大的消费群体，不仅要认识到消费方式对经济有着重大深远的影响，还要为我们自己、为我们国家、更重要的是为我们下一代养成一种正确合适的消费方式。

【关键词】 代际影响；传统消费方式；超前消费；美国文化渗透；消费功能

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