语用歧义在交际中的积极作用

传统歧义研究方法是语义及语法平面的静态研究。它不能充分解释实际交往中产生的歧义问题, 从而必须在语言的使用中进一步探索歧义现象。本文拟从语用角度，结合语境及语言使用者的作用对歧义现象进行探讨。首先依据语用学相关原理，阐明触发歧义的原因，以及语境和语言使用者在触发歧义过程中所起的具体作用。其次探索积极地利用歧义达到某种特定的修辞效果或语用目的。这对于指导人们在语言交际过程中，自觉地利用歧义的语用功能，使语言更加丰富、生动、有感染力具有实际意义。

关键词: 歧义；语用；积极作用；交际
Positive Effects of Pragmatic Ambiguity in Communication

 Traditional approaches of ambiguity, which mainly study ambiguity from semantic and syntactic perspectives, can not explain the phenomenon of ambiguity in actual communication. So it is necessary to explore this kind of phenomenon in the use of language. This thesis attempts to study ambiguity from pragmatic perspective and to treat ambiguity on the utterance level in context with the function of language users. One aim of this thesis is to explain the cause of the occurrence of ambiguity and explain the concrete effects of context and language users in the process of occurrence, according to the relative theories of pragmatics. The other is to explore the phenomenon that intentional ambiguity can create a special rhetorical effect or achieve a certain pragmatic goal, which is helpful for people to realize and use it intentionally in communication.

Key words:  ambiguity; pragmatics; positive effect; communication

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