建筑行业农民工社会保障缺失的原因及对策探讨

摘  要
建筑业是国民经济的重要支柱产业,从业人员准入门槛相对较低,农民工就业容量大。因此,分析研究建筑业农民工社会保障问题,是统筹城乡发展,解决“三农”问题的迫切需要,是保持社会和谐稳定的必然要求,也是推进中国特色的工业化、城镇化、现代化健康发展的战略任务。
本文从国内外农民工社会保障的现实状况出发，通过对我国现如今的社会保障体系当中有关劳动保障的内容的研究，以建筑行业农民工的社会保障现状为缩影，具体分析其生存现状，找出造成社会保障缺失的原因，如（1）我国原有的户籍制度的限制；（2）社会保障制度不健全；（3）建筑行业农民工自身的问题等等。再针对这些原因提出解决建议和对策，（1）改革户籍制度；（2）合理安排农民工社会保障项目；（3）加强建筑劳务合同管理；（4）加强职业技能培训，提高从业人员素质；（5）提倡并帮助农民工建立工会；（6）做好对农民工的法律服务和法律援助工作；（7）发挥建设行政劳动主管部门监管作用。
关键词：建筑行业   农民工   社会保障   缺失原因   对策 
Abstract
The construction industry is an important support industries of the national economy, its employees are relatively low barriers to entry,and large capacity of migrant workers are employed. Therefore, analyzing the social security of migrant workers in the construction industry is very necessary to plan for rural development and solve “Farmers, Rural Areas, Agriculture Production”, what’s more，it’s required to maintain social harmony and stability, and it is also promoting Chinese characteristics of industrialization,urbanization, modernization of the healthy development of strategic tasks.
 The article begins with domestic and foreign migrant workers ' social security situation, it is our present social security system for labor security of the content of the study to construction while social security situation in miniature, there is a concrete analysis of its existence, to find out the cause of social security’s defective by analyzing the migrant workers’ living situation in the construction industry:（1）Our existing system of the household;（２）The defectives of Social security system; （３）Construction of the issue of migrant workers ,etc. Then put forward proposals and implement measures to solve the defectives .For example: （1）Reform the household registration system;（2）Make reasonable social security program;（3）Strengthen the building service management;（4）Strengthen professional skill training and improve the quality of the employees;（5）Encourage and assist the peasant workers to establish trade unions;（6）Plan to solve the migrant workers in the legal services and legal aid work;（7）Build the labor department of supervision, etc.
Keywords: Construction industry, Migrant workers, Social security, Missing reason, Countermeasure

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