试析《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》中爱米丽的悲剧

摘  要

威廉•福克纳是20世纪美国最伟大的小说家之一。站在历史的十字路口，社会的重要转型期，福克纳深刻而全面地探索了美国旧南方解体的根源以及南方社会和南方人的精神危机，《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》是其短篇小说代表作。故事中女主人公爱米丽出生于名门望族，受到了传统伦理观念的强力禁锢，对感情与婚姻的渴望被扼杀，导致她变成心理畸变的老处女，杀害了她的情人，与腐烂的尸体度过了悲凉的余生。爱米丽，她是旧南方的象征，作为一个精神基石支撑着走向分崩离析的旧南方，她为执行这一伟大使命付出了惨重代价。论文指出，社会危机、传统家庭伦理观念以及个人性格是导致爱米丽悲剧命运的三个主要原因。爱米丽替罪羊的身份同时映射了福克纳对南方传统爱恨交织的复杂心情。

关键词：威廉•福克纳，爱米丽，悲剧，替罪羊
An Analysis of Emily’s Tragedy in “A Rose for Emily”
 

ABSTRACT

William Faulkner is one of the greatest American novelists of the twentieth century. At the turn of the history, William Faulkner drew a vivid picture of the southern town Jefferson in the United States. “A Rose for Emily” is one of his most famous short stories. It depicted a tragic image, Emily who gave the readers a deep impression. There is a close link between her high social position and her tragic end. She lives not for herself, but for others. Instead of living a life of her own, she performs the functions of a symbol of a system and culture and acts as the spiritual pillar supporting the disintegrating old south. In carrying out this grand mission, she pays a huge price. The paper analyses the causes of Emily’s tragedy with particular interest in family background, social factors and the heroine’s personality, through the analysis, the paper points out that Emily’s tragedy manifests Faulkner’s complex paradox of the southern tradition.

Key words: William Faulkner, Emily, tragedy, scapegoat

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