大学生适应性及其与社会支持的关系研究

摘    要
 采用《大学生适应性量表》和《社会支持评定量表》对南通大学405名学生进行调查，研究大学生适应性的总体状况，并进一步探索大学生适应性与社会支持的关系。结果表明：（1）大学生在人际适应性和身心症状表现上表现出较强的适应能力，而环境的总体认同和生活自理适应性较差；（2）男、女大学生在身心症状表现维度上存在极显著差异（t=2.90,p<0.01）；（3）大学生适应性诸因子在生源地上均不存在显著差异；（4）独生子女和非独生子女在生活自理适应性维度上存在极显著差异(t=-2.63,p<0.01)；（5）在职业选择适应性维度上年级之间的差异极为显著(F=6.35,p<0.01)，表现为大四>大三>大二>大一的变化趋势；（6）在职业选择适应性维度上专业之间存在显著差异(F=3.10,p<0.05)，表现为医科>文科>工科>理科的变化趋势；（7）社会支持与大学生适应性存在显著相关。
 关键词：大学生，适应性，社会支持

ABSTRACT
 To investigate adaptability among college students and explore the relationship of college students’ adaptability and social support,405 college students in Nantong university were given College Student Adaptability Inventory(CSAI) and Social Support Questionnaire.The results are as follows.(1)The college students have the stronger adaptation ability in Interpersonal Adaptability and Somatic-mental Symptom, but have the inferior Environmental General Evaluation and Livelihood Self-management Adaptability; (2)There are significant difference between boys and girls in Somatic-mental Symptom（t=2.90,p<0.01）; (3)There are no significant difference in family sources; (4)There are significant difference between singletons and  non-singletons in Livelihood Self-management Adaptability(t=-2.63,p<0.01); (5) Differences of adaptability existed apparently between students of different grades in Career Choice Adaptability(F=6.35,p<0.01) . The developmental tendency are as follows: seniors > juniors> sophomores > freshmen; (6)Differences of adaptability existed apparently between students of different majors(F=3.10,p<0.05).The order was as follows:medicine> liberal arts >engineering course>science; (7)There are significant correlation between social supports and college students’ adaptability.
Key words: college students, adaptability, social supports

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